Biology Lab 14

Front 1

animals

Back 1

heterotrophs that ingest their food, multicellular eukaryotes, bodies held togehter by structural proteins such as collagen, nervous tissue and muscle tissue are unique to them.

Front 2

body plan

Back 2

a set of morphological and developmental traits

Front 3

grade

Back 3

a group whose members share key biological features, not necessarily a clade or monophyletic group

Front 4

radial symmetry

Back 4

circular symmetry.

Front 5

bilateral symmetry

Back 5

two-sided symmetry, have a dorsal, ventral, right, and left side, anterior and posterior ends, cephalization

Front 6

dorsal

Back 6

top

Front 7

ventral

Back 7

bottom

Front 8

anterior

Back 8

head end

Front 9

posterior

Back 9

tail end

Front 10

cephalization

Back 10

the development of a head.

Front 11

tissues

Back 11

collections of specialized cells isolated from other tissues by membranous layers

Front 12

germ layers

Back 12

give rise to tissues and organs of the animmal embryo during development

Front 13

ectoderm

Back 13

the germ layer covering the embryo's surface

Front 14

endoderm

Back 14

the innermost germ layer and lines the archenteron

Front 15

archenteron

Back 15

developing digestive tube

Front 16

diplobalstic

Back 16

animals have ectoderm and endoderm

Front 17

triploblastic

Back 17

animal shae ectoderm and endoderm

Front 18

triploblastic

Back 18

animals also have an intervening mesoderm layer, include all bilaterians.

Front 19

body cavity

Back 19

most triploblastic animals possess this

Front 20

coelom

Back 20

a true body cavity adn is derived from mesoderm

Front 21

coelomates

Back 21

animals that possess a true coelom`

Front 22

morphological and developmental comparisons, or based mainly on molecular data

Back 22

hypotheses about animal phylogeny basis...

Front 23

eumetazoa

Back 23

a clade of animals with true tissues

Front 24

ecdysozoans

Back 24

shed their exoskeletons thorugh ecdysis

Front 25

sponges

Back 25

sedentary animals that lack true tissues and organs, suspension feeders,

Front 26

suspension feeders

Back 26

capture food particles suspended in the water that pass through their body

Front 27

choanocytes

Back 27

flagellated collar cells, generate a water through the sponge and ingest suspended food.

Front 28

spongocoel

Back 28

water is drawn through pores into a cavity called thsi

Front 29

osculum

Back 29

water pulled out through this opening.

Front 30

cniadarians

Back 30

one of the oldest groups of the clade Eumetazoa, animals with true tissues, have diversified into a wide range of both sessile and motile forms inlcuding jellies, corals, and hydras, exhibit a relatively simple diploblastic radial body plan, basic body plan is a sac with a gastrovascular cavity, single opening functions as a mouth and anus, are carnivores that use tentacles to capture prey.

Front 31

gastrovascular cavity

Back 31

central digestive compartment, part of the body plan of a cnidarian

Front 32

polyp

Back 32

one variation of the cnidarian body plan, the sessile form

Front 33

medusa

Back 33

one variation of the cnidarian body plan, motile

Front 34

cnidocytes

Back 34

arm the tentacles of a cnidarian, unique cells that function in defense and capture of prey.

Front 35

nematocysts

Back 35

specialized organelles within cnidocytes that eject a stinging thread.

Front 36

bilaterian animals

Back 36

have a bilateral symmetry and triploblastic development, include lophotrochozoa, ecdysozoa, and deuterostomia

Front 37

lophotrochozoa

Back 37

includes flatworms, rotifers, ectoprocts, brachiopods, molluscs, andannelids.

Front 38

platyhelminthes (flatworms)

Back 38

live in marine, freshwater, and damp terrestrial habitats, undergo triploblastic development, acoelomates, flattened dorsalventrally and have a gastrovascular cavity, gas exchange take place across the surface

Front 39

protonephridia

Back 39

regulate the osmotic balance of flatworms.

Front 40

planarians (class Turbelaria)

Back 40

free-living flatworms, have light-sensitive eyespots and centralized nerve nets, nervous system is more complex and centralized than the nerve nets of cnidarians, are hermaphrodites and can reproduce sexually, or asexually through fission.

Front 41

annelids

Back 41

have segmented bodies, from class oligochaeta, are named for relatively sparse chaetae, include earthworms and a variety of aquatic species

Front 42

chaetae

Back 42

bristles made of chitin

Front 43

earthworms

Back 43

each through soil, extracting nutrients as the soil moves through the alimentary canal, hermaphrodites but crossfertilize, an annelid.

Front 44

molluscs

Back 44

includes snails and slugs, oysters and clams, and octopi and squid, marine thorugh some inhabit fresh water and some are terrestrial, soft-bodied animals but most are protected by a hard shell, some have a water-filled mantle cavity and feed using a rasplike radula

Front 45

muscular foot, visceral mass, mantle

Back 45

body plan of molluscs consists of...

Front 46

clams

Back 46

molluscs of class Bivalvia include many species of clams, oysters, mussels, and scallops, have a sell divided into two halves,

Front 47

feeding as well as gas exchange.

Back 47

mantle cavity of clams contain gills that are used for