Biology Lab 1-4

Front 1

Who invented the microscope in 1670?

Back 1

Anton von Leeuenhoek (dutchman)

Front 2

What is a cell?

Back 2

The smallest biological unit that can be considered to be alive.

Front 3

What are the three principles of cell theory?

Back 3

1. all living things are composed of one or more cells
2. the cell is the smallest thing capable of life on its own
3. cells come from other cells

Front 4

What is a scientific theory?

Back 4

An accepted idea in science that is taken as "the truth until further notice"

Front 5

To form new and better theories you do what?

Back 5

set out to disprove or prove the current theory to be false

Front 6

What type of organisms or cells have no nucleus or membrane bound organelles?

Back 6

prokaryotic

Front 7

What is the nucleus?

Back 7

control center of the cell, contains the DNA

Front 8

What type of cell has a nucleus and membrane bound organelles?

Back 8

eukaryotic

Front 9

What is an organelle?

Back 9

a tiny, membrane-bound structure inside a cell that carries out a specific function for the cell (not always membrane-bound)

Front 10

What is a plastid?

Back 10

a plant cell organelle that contains pigments and is usually involved in food production or storage

Front 11

What is a chromoplast?

Back 11

a plastid that may contain pigmented molecules

Front 12

What is a chloroplast?

Back 12

an green organelle that contains the pigment chlorophyll and is involved in food-processing process of photosynthesis

Front 13

What is photosynthesis?

Back 13

process in which plants make glucose from carbon dioxide gas using the photonic energy of light

Front 14

What is a cell membrane or plasma membrane?

Back 14

the outer limit of an animal cell

Front 15

What is the protein-rich liquid interior content of a cell?

Back 15

Cytoplasm

Front 16

What are the rod-like strands of supporting proteins that help the cell maintain thir shape and are the internal support system of the cell?

Back 16

cytoskeleton

Front 17

What is the central vacuole?

Back 17

central water-filled organelle unique to plants (maintains water pressure)

Front 18

What is it called when the chloroplasts/organelles are seen moving around in the cell circulating around the central vacuole?

Back 18

cytoplasmic streaming

Front 19

What is the cell wall?

Back 19

The outer limit of a plant cell, rigid, made of cellulose

Front 20

What is cellulose?

Back 20

roughage or dietary fibre

Front 21

What does a qualitative test show?

Back 21

it tells whether a substance is present or not

Front 22

What test do you run if you are trying to determine the amount of a substance present?

Back 22

quantitative test

Front 23

What is Applied Science?

Back 23

They have a goal, most research is this type i.e. medical and pharmaceutical

Front 24

What is the research for the sake of research alone (done with grants)?

Back 24

Pure Science

Front 25

What is theoretical science?

Back 25

Science of ideas - done in your head or on computers

Front 26

Name four biological molecules common to all living things:

Back 26

1) Carbohydrates
2) Proteins
3) Lipids
4) Nucleic acids

Front 27

What is monomer?

Back 27

General term for a molecule made up of similar small repeating units.

Front 28

Biomolecule made of repeating sugar units or monomers (Carbohydrates, proteins, & nucleic acids)

Back 28

polymers

Front 29

What is a saccharide?

Back 29

sugar

Front 30

Look at an animal cell and a plant cell side by side...

Back 30

they are similar in many ways.

Front 31

What does a plant cell have that a animal cell do not have?

Back 31

Cell wall, central vacuole, and chloroplasts

Front 32

Compare the three types of fatty acids: Saturated, Mono-unsaturated, Poly-unsaturated

Back 32

Saturated acid has no double bonds. Mono-unsaturated fatty acid has one double bond. (cis if h on same side) Poly-unsaturated fatty acid has two or more double bonds. (trans if h on different sides) (cis if h on same side)

Front 33

This structure is the basic molecular structure for which class of lipids:

Back 33

Steroid, the basis of a cholesterol molecule

Front 34

Name items 1-5: Upper Epidermis, Mesophyll cells, Lower Epidermis, Stomata, Guard Cell

Back 34

1) Upper Epidermis
2) Lower Epidermis
3) Stomata
4) Guard Cells
5) Mesophyll Cells

Front 35

A functional protein, it makes or breaks a chemical bond

Back 35

enzyme

Front 36

Scientific name for hydrophobic molecules

Back 36

Lipid

Front 37

kind of lipid that biological membranes are made of

Back 37

phospholipid

Front 38

monomer unit of nucleic acid

Back 38

nucleotide

Front 39

the sum of all chemical reactions in your body

Back 39

metabolism

Front 40

term used to describe the shape of DNA

Back 40

double helix

Front 41

a fat that contains no double bonds

Back 41

saturated fat

Front 42

biomolecule of repeating amino acid units

Back 42

protein

Front 43

term that refers to the shape of a molecule

Back 43

conformation

Front 44

examples of dna and rna

Back 44

nucleic acids

Front 45

simple carb made of one sugar molecule

Back 45

monosaccharides

Front 46

simple carb made of two sugar molecules

Back 46

disaccharides

Front 47

single repeating units of polymer

Back 47

monomer

Front 48

the monomers that proteins are made of

Back 48

amino acids

Front 49

a fat that contains multiple double bonds

Back 49

polyunsaturated fat

Front 50

a molecule with 4 carbon rings like cholesteral

Back 50

steroid

Front 51

the monomeric form of a carbohydrate

Back 51

sugar

Front 52

a glycerol molecule with 3 fatty acids chemically bonded to it

Back 52

triglyceride

Front 53

carbs composed of many sugar subunits (monomers)

Back 53

polymer

Front 54

describes a fatty acid that has the maximum number of hydrogens attached (all single bonds)

Back 54

saturated fatty acid