Reading...
Play button
Play button
Use LEFT and RIGHT arrow keys to navigate between flashcards;
Use UP and DOWN arrow keys to flip the card;
H to show hint;
A reads text to speech;
59 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
|
The order of the cell cycle
|
Interphase
prophase metaphase anaphase telophase |
|
|
Chromotids attached at
|
centromere
|
|
|
Phase of mitosis in which chromosomes move toward poles
|
anaphase
|
|
|
Interphase contains
|
S phase
G 1 phase G 2 phase |
|
|
Living things grow because
|
they produce more cells
|
|
|
As a result of mitosis
|
Each new human cell receives 46 chromosomes
|
|
|
Cytotkinesis occurs immediately after
|
telophase
|
|
|
Structure that helps move chromosomes apart during mitosis is
|
the spindle
|
|
|
At the beginning of mitosis
|
chromosome consists of 2 sister chromotids
|
|
|
2 daughter cells result for a single cell through
|
cytokinesis
|
|
|
parent cell has 14 chromosomes before mitosis - each daughter cell will have
|
28
|
|
|
fusion of egg and sperm is
|
zygote
|
|
|
most significant difference between mitosis and meiosis
|
homologous pairs are split up in meiosis
|
|
|
gametes
|
do not have diploid cells
|
|
|
punnet do not show
|
actual outcome of a cross
|
|
|
units of a chromosome that code for various traits
|
genes
|
|
|
traits are generally controlled by a minimum of
|
2 alleles
|
|
|
one gene in a pair prevents the other from taking effect
|
Dominance
|
|
|
chief genetic material
|
DNA
|
|
|
variations of a gene
|
alleles
|
|
|
division of a cell resulting in cells with the haploid number of chromosomes
|
meiosis
|
|
|
two recessive genes =
|
recessive trait
|
|
|
2 different dominant alleles in an organism
|
codominance
|
|
|
2 unknown genotypes in offspring
|
DD and Dd
|
|
|
Rr
|
heterozygous
|
|
|
rr
|
homozygous recessive
|
|
|
Cloning
|
many identical cells produced
|
|
|
plasmids
|
circular
replicate independently often used as vectors |
|
|
Recombinant DNA
|
join DNA molecules from 2 different species
|
|
|
restriction enzymes
|
cut DNA at specific places
|
|
|
human gene therapy
|
transfers normal human genes into human cells that lack them
|
|
|
gel eletrophoresis
|
DNA fragments are separated and analyzed
|
|
|
Lamarck's theory of evolution
|
body structure can change according to the actions of the organism
|
|
|
adaptation
|
kong slow process of change in a species over time
|
|
|
Kettlewell's study of peppered moths
|
natural selection
|
|
|
Darwins's theory of common descent
|
come from a common ancestor
|
|
|
Darwin's theory of natural selection
|
variations best suited to the environment
|
|
|
ultimate source of genetic variation
|
mutation
|
|
|
comparing human hemoglobin with that of gorillas
|
fewest differences
|
|
|
different species
|
2 populations that can no longer be interbred
|
|
|
dispersion
|
the way individuals are arranged in space
|
|
|
carrying capacity
|
population size that an environment can sustain
|
|
|
statistical study of all populations
|
demography
|
|
|
genetic drift
|
population decline due to catastrophic event
|
|
|
normal distribution
|
bell shaped curve
|
|
|
migration
|
causes gene flow
|
|
|
human height
|
polygenic trait
|
|
|
does not promote evolution of a new species
|
acquired characteristics
|
|
|
phenotypes
|
natural selection
|
|
|
ecology
|
study of interactions of living organisms with one another and their environment.
|
|
|
place where a species lives
|
habitat
|
|
|
community
|
species that live together
|
|
|
ecosystem
|
habitat + community
|
|
|
food web
|
shows mort detail about the feeding relationships in a community
|
|
|
producers get energy
|
sun
|
|
|
trophic level charts the movement of _____ through the ecosystem
|
energy
|
|
|
primary consumers are found
|
second
|
|
|
detritivores
|
feed on organic wastes and dead organisms
|
|
|
limits the number of trophic levels
|
loss of energy
|
