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25 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Allele
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the different variations for a gene.
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breed
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to combine organisms with desireable traits
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chromosome
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molecule that stores genetic information
body chromosome are numbered 1-22 sex chromosome are either xx, or xy |
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clone
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to make an exact copy of a certain organsim
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crossing-over
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chromosomes exchange genetic material (occurs in meiosis)
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disorder
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a mutation that results in an organism not functioning correctly
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dominant
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mask over recessive traits
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fertalization
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when the egg and sperm come together to make a new organism
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fruit flies
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example for genetic research
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genetic counselor
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scientisit that test genetic makeup of people to see if you will pass on or have a certain disease
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genetic cross
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take 2 individuals and see what offspring come from it
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genotype
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the 2 allels that make up one gene
ex. Bb |
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phenotype
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the physical appreance that results from the 2 allels
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heterozygous
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2 different alleles that make one trait
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homozygous
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2 of the same allele that make the trait
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meiosis
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cell division to get four haploid cells used for fertilization
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mitosis
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cell division to get 2 new diploid cells
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offspring
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the organisms that result from fertaliziation
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pedigree
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to follow traits throughout a family to see how it is inherited
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punnett square
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a chart that crosses 2 parents to see what traits their offspring will have and the probability that they will obtain it.
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purebred
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crossing 2 organisms that are weith homozygous recessive or dominant
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recessive
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trait that is only expressed when 2 recessive are present
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sex-linked
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traits that apprear on the sex chromosomes
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protein
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DNA is a blueprint for making proteins
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zygote
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fertilized egg
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