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21 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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How does the osmolarity of a 0.1M solution ofNaCl differ from that of a 0.1M solution of glucose? |
The osmolarity of a 0.1M solution of NaClis equal to 0.2 osmol while a 0.1M solution of glucose is equal to 0.1 osmol. |
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What is the osmolarity of mammalian blood? |
0.3 osmol. |
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1. What gas/ion is the product of protein andnucleic acid catabolism and can be toxic to animal cells? |
Ammonia. |
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1. What are the three nitrogenous waste productsexcreted by animals? |
Ammonia, urea, uric acid. |
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Marine fish make what kind of urine? |
concentrated |
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Freshwater fish make what kind of urine? |
diluted |
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1. Godwin, of Cluck Dismally wanted to make a coinpurse out of a duck urinary bladder as a new product line to market. Please explain to Godwin why this is not agood idea (sprinkle in a little bit of biology/evolution in your explanation). |
Ducks do not have bladders so there is noway to make a duck bladder coin purse! Ducks do not have bladders becausehaving bladders filled with liquid would slow them down and prevent them fromflying well. |
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1. What is a design feature of the vertebratekidney that allows for an extensive amount of surface area for reclaiming(re-absorption) solutes and secretion of solutes? |
Microvilli in the kidney allow forreabsorption. |
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1. If you do not have a urinary epithelialtransporter for a small solute in you kidney, what is likely to happen to this smallsolute when it is present in the blood? |
It will be passed out of the body throughurine. |
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1. Name a blood constituent that does not passthrough the filter in the renal corpuscle? |
Proteins. |
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1. Name a blood solute that is actively (directlyor indirectly) transported from the filtrate to the interstitial fluid in theproximal tubule of the uriniferous tubule. |
Glucose. |
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1. List in order, the four processes that occur inthe uriniferous tubule of the kidney (1 pt). |
1. Filtrationof the blood2. Reabsorptionof water and solutes back into plasma3. Secretionof solutes into tubules4. Excretionof wastes into urine |
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Where does filtration occur? |
glomerulus |
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Where are the solutes in the filtrate reclaimed? |
proximal convoluted tubule |
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Where are the solutes secreted? |
distal convoluted tubule |
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Where does excretion occur? |
collecting duct |
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1. Name an ion that is secreted by the kidney. |
Ca2+ |
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1. What are the four organs/structure in themammalian urinary system (1 pt)? |
1.Kidney 2.Ureter 3.Bladder 4.Urethra |
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1. What hormone is produced in the kidney andregulates red blood cell/hemoglobin production (and is frequently used by worldclass cyclist to improve performance)? |
Erythropoietin. |
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1. In the absence of disease, how can you tell bythe color of your urine whether you are drinking enough water or not? |
If your urine is very dark then you are notdrinking enough water. If your urine is very light or even clear then you are drinkinga lot of water. |
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1. If you have cells and or hemoglobin in yoururine, which part of the uriniferous tubule is likely damaged? |
The filter in the glomerulus is damaged. |
