Biology Human Reproduction

Front 1

Seminiferous tubules

Back 1

Site of spermatogenesis (inside testis)

Front 2

Epididymus

Back 2

About 20ft long in human. Highly coiled and outside of testis. Connects to the seminiferous tubules.

Front 3

Vas (ductus) deferens

Back 3

Enters the body cavity as part of the spermatic cord. Also stores sperm.

Front 4

Spermatic cord

Back 4

Includes vas deferens, spermatic artery, spermatic vein, nerves. Passes through inguinal canal into abdominal cavity.

Front 5

Ejaculatary duct

Back 5

Propels sperm into the urethra.

Front 6

Urethra

Back 6

Used for both reproductive and urinary functions.

Front 7

Semen

Back 7

Fluid composed of sperm and glandular fluid. Must contain about 75-100 million sperm/ml. Sperm count= 300-500 million.

Front 8

Seminal vesicles

Back 8

Produces an alkaline, fructose-containing fluid with prostaglandins

Front 9

Prostate gland

Back 9

Produces a milky alkaline secretion.

Front 10

Prostate specific antigen

Back 10

Produced by prostate gland into blood.

Front 11

Bulbourethral gland

Back 11

Produces A mucus alkaline secretion.

Front 12

Spermatogenesis

Back 12

Sperm formation that occurs in the seminiferous tubules under the influence of FSH And testosterone. Can also undergo mitosis or meiosis.

Front 13

Testosterone

Back 13

Produced from the interstitial cells between seminiferous tubules under the influence of ICSH (LH) from ant put stimulates these Cells to produce testosterone.

Front 14

Erections

Back 14

Under the influence of the parasympathetic NS enables vasodilation of arteries to pens which fill cavernous bodies. This compresses veins which conduct blood away.

Front 15

Baculum

Back 15

Penis bone in rodents, raccoons, whales and walruses.

Front 16

Oviduct

Back 16

Fallopian tube, site of fertilization

Front 17

Endometrium

Back 17

Inside lining of uterus

Front 18

Oogenesis

Back 18

Meiosis and occurs in follicles of the ovaries, prepares endometrium for implantation.

Front 19

Ovulation

Back 19

Occurs midcycle under surge of LH stimulation approx. Day 14.

Front 20

Corpus luteum

Back 20

Transformed from ovulated follicle under stimulation of LH.

Front 21

Prerevolutionary phase

Back 21

Day 1 through day 14. Increased FSH, increased estrogen and increased LH.

Front 22

Postovulatory phase

Back 22

Day 14 to day 28. Increased progesterone and estrogen. Inhibits LH and results in degeneration of Cl.

Front 23

Luteinizing hormone

Back 23

Is needed to stimulate CL to produce to produce progesterone and estrogen.

Front 24

Cleavage (rapid mitosis)

Back 24

Begins the fallopian tube and enters the uterus about 3 days after fertilization at the 16 cell stage.

Front 25

Trophoblast cells

Back 25

The cell of the blastocyst that becomes the chorus and produces chorionic villi

Front 26

Chorionic villi

Back 26

Help anchor the implant cells into the endometrium

Front 27

Human chorionic gonadotropin

Back 27

Hormone produced by trophoblast cells, the pregnancy hormone.

Front 28

Placenta

Back 28

Is formed as combined effort of the endometrium (maternal) and chorion (fetal)

Front 29

Afterbirth

Back 29

Placenta and amnion and chorion.

Front 30

Oxytocin

Back 30

Stimulates contractions that result in delivery of baby.

Front 31

Inner cell mass

Back 31

Becomes the embryo and certain cells in the inner cell mass produce the amnion.

Front 32

Amnion

Back 32

Directly surrounds the fetus and contains amniotic fluid and serves as a Shock absorber and promotes symmetry of the fetus.

Front 33

Follicle

Back 33

Sac of of ovary under influence of FSH where oogenesis occurs and estrogen is secreted into blood.

Front 34

Follicle stimulating hormone (FSH)

Back 34

Stimulates oogenesis and maturation of follicle. Stimulates estrogen production from follicle. Also stimulates sperm formation in the seminiferous tubules.

Front 35

Estrogen

Back 35

Stimulates anterior pituitary to produce LH, begins vascularization of endometrium.

Front 36

Menstrual cycle

Back 36

Controlled by anterior pituitary (fsh,lh) and ovarian hormones (estrogen and progesterone) .

Controls oogenesis, prepares endometrium for inplantation.

Front 37

Interracial cell stimulating hormone (ICSH)

Back 37

Stimulates the interstitial cells between seminiferous tubules to produce testosterone. This hormone comes from the anterior pituitary gland.

Front 38

Testosterone

Back 38

Hormone needed for male secondary sex characteristics and the stimulation of spermatogenesis

Front 39

Ejaculation

Back 39

Is under the influence of the sympathetic NS

Front 40

Menstrual cycle

Back 40

Controlled by the anterior pituitary (FSH and LH) and ovarian hormones (estrogen and progesterone)

Front 41

Gestation

Back 41

266 days from conception, 280 days from last period.