• Shuffle
    Toggle On
    Toggle Off
  • Alphabetize
    Toggle On
    Toggle Off
  • Front First
    Toggle On
    Toggle Off
  • Both Sides
    Toggle On
    Toggle Off
  • Read
    Toggle On
    Toggle Off
Reading...
Front

Card Range To Study

through

image

Play button

image

Play button

image

Progress

1/34

Click to flip

Use LEFT and RIGHT arrow keys to navigate between flashcards;

Use UP and DOWN arrow keys to flip the card;

H to show hint;

A reads text to speech;

34 Cards in this Set

  • Front
  • Back
  • 3rd side (hint)
Why do living things require energy
- maintain homeostasis

What is ATP and how is it used by the cell to accomplish life processes

ATP (adenosine triphosphate) - molecule - stores energy untill needed. Is build when the cell adds two phosphate groups to AMP ( adenosine monophosphate) --> ADP (adenosine diphosphate) --> ADP. This process of adding phosphate groups involve building high energy chemical bonds.

Plants are able to manufacture their own food. Why do they also carry on cellular respiration?

to break down food molecules that they produce in order to release energy.

5 factors of wellness

1. physical wellness - caring for your body in terms of sleep, exercise, proper nutrition and hydration, exposure to various drugs and medications, regular medical check-up


2. emotional wellness - existence of healthy emotions as we experience the events in our lives and the relationship with other people


3. Spiritual wellness - understand the deeper meaning of life, the force that control our present and shape our future.


4. intellectual wellness - being able and willing to learn new things while stimulating and challenging your mind.


5. social wellness - refers to the degree to which a person interacts successfully with others

6 characteristics that identify living things

1. various levels of organization


2. must get energy and materials from environment (metabolism)


3. exhibit control to maintain a constant internal environment (homeostsis)


4. reproduce (sexually or asexyally


5. grow and develop


6. respond to changes in environment (i.e. Theromoregulation)

Diffusion

passive transport of materials from an area of high concentration to an area of low concentration

osmosis

diffusion of water

pinocytosis

method of bringing dissolved nutrients into a cell

hypertonic

a solution with a higher solute concentration than the cell

phosophlipid

consists of a phosphate group and two long tails of fatty acids

hypotonic

a solution with a lower solute concentration than the cell

Cholesterol

lipid found in the cell membrane that helps maintain the fluidity of the membrane

Endocytosis
a form of active transport used to transport large molecules
.....transport and what

active transport

transport of materials against the concentration

Semipermeable

describes the cell membrane. boundary that allows some, but not all, materials to enter and leave the cell.

phospholipid bilayer

the structure of the cell membrane. made up of two layers of fatty substances called phospholipids sandwiched together. Embedded in this double layer are proteins and cholesterol molecules

Concentration Gradient
difference between the concentration of a substance on one side of a membrane and the contraction on the other side.
Equilibrium
refers to the point at which those materials have equal concentrations inside and outside the cell.

main difference between active transport and passive transport

passive transport doesn't need energy, active transport needs energy.

describe the fluid mosaic model of the plasma membrane

the model explains that the membrane is made of a double layer of phospolipid molecules sandwiched together. Embedded in this layer are protein molecules and cholesterol.

How are osmosis and diffusion related terms

Diffusion involves the passive transport of any material from an area of high concentration to an area of low concentration. Osmosis is the diffusion of water.

Name and distinguish between the two types of endocytosis

Pinocytosis - process of engulfing liquid food particles and bring them into the cell.
Phagocytosis is the process of engulfing larger food particles and bring them into the cell.

Isotonic

the cell remains at equilibrium with its environment. Movement into the cell is the same as outside the cell. No change occurs.

6 essential life processes that must be manged by living things
1. Obtaining food - produce their own food or consume other organisms in order to get energy from breaking the food down into smaller substances
2. Converting energy - engery stored in food is converted into energy that the organism can us to carry out the essential processes of life and to maintain homeostasis
3. eliminating wastes - processes produced waste substances that the organism must get rid of.
4. Reproducing - must produce offspring b either sexual or asexual process.
5. Growing and repairing - continually grow, develop and repair body tissues
6. transporting substances - either between cells or between

3 types of proteins found int he cell membrane

1. Channel proteins - allow particular molecules to cross the membrane by providing a channel for them to pass through.
2. Carrier proteins - selectively interact with specific molecule so that they can cross the membrane (pick up molecules and move them across the membrane)
3. Receptor proteins - structurally fit molecules in the external or internal environment of the cell.

Metabolism

sum of all chemical reactions that are carried out by the cell

Catabolic reactions

break large, complex molecules into smaller ones, releasing energy in the process

anabolic reactions

assemble large complex molecules grom simpler ones, input of energy.

Classify as producing ATP or consuming ATP: breakdown of sugar molecules results in

production

Classify as producing ATP or consuming ATP:
synthesis of proteins

consumption

Classify as producing ATP or consuming ATP:
chemical bonds are broken

produce

Which reactions produce ATP molecules

catabolic reactions release ATP

Heterotrophs

eat food molecules and then break them down for energy

autotrophs

build food molecules and then break them down for energy