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15 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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What are the two types of chromosomes? |
autosomes and sex chromosomes |
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What is a gene? |
a specific region of DNA that codes for a particular protein |
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What is an allele? |
Different versions of the same gene |
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Define law of Segregation |
during gamete formation genes separate and only one version makes it into gamete |
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Define Law of Independent Assortment |
allele pairs separate independently of of each during meiosis |
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Homozygous |
Two of the same alleles for one trait (BB or bb) |
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Heterozygous |
Two different alleles for one trait (Bb) |
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Genotype |
genetic makeup for a specific set of genes (BB bb or Bb) |
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Phenotype |
Physical characteristics or traits (brown or blue eyes) |
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Dominant |
alleles use an uppercase letter to represent them (B) |
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Recessive |
alleles use a lowercase letter to represent them (b) |
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What do we call traits carried on the X chromosomes (#23 in humans)? |
sex chromosomes |
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What is the normal genotype of a female and male |
XX and Xy |
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What is the symbol for a female and male in human pedigrees? |
circle and square |
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What does it mean when the symbol is shaded in? |
affected |
