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24 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
Science
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organized way of using evidence to learn about the natural world; also, the body of knowledge that scientists have built up after years of using this process
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Observation
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use of one or more of the senses—sight, hearing, touch, smell, and sometimes taste—to gather information
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Data
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evidence; information gathered from observations
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Inference
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logical interpretation based on prior knowledge and experience
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Hypothesis
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possible explanation for a set of observations or possible answer to a scientific question
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Spontaneous generation
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hypothesis (disproven) stating that life could arise from nonliving matter
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controlled experiment
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a test of the effect of a single variable by changing it while keeping all other variables the same
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manipulated variable
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factor in an experiment that a scientist purposely changes; also known as independent variable
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responding variable
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factor in an experiment that a scientist wants to observe, which may change in response to the manipulated variable; also known as a dependent variable
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theory
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well-tested explanation that unifies a broad range of observations
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biology
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science that seeks to understand the living world
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cell
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collection of living matter enclosed by a barrier that separates the cell from its surroundings; basic unit of all forms of life
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sexual reproduction
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process by which cells from two different parents unite to produce the first cell of a new organism
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asexual reproduction
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process by which a single parent reproduces by itself
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metabolism
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set of chemical reactions through which an organism builds up or breaks down materials as it carries out its life processes
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stimulus
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a signal to which an organism responds
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homeostasis
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process by which organisms maintain a relatively stable internal environment
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evolution
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change in a kind of organism over time; process by which modern organisms have descended from ancient organisms
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metric system
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decimal system of measurement based on certain physical standards and scaled on multiples of 10
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microscope
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device that produces magnified images of structures that are too small to see with the unaided eye
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compound light microscope
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microscope that allows light to pass through a specimen and uses two lenses to form an image
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electron microscope
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microscope that forms an image by focusing beams of electrons onto a specimen
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cell culture
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group of cells grown in a nutrient solution from a single original cell
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cell fractionation
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technique in which cells are broken into pieces and the different cell parts are separated
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