Reading...
Play button
Play button
Use LEFT and RIGHT arrow keys to navigate between flashcards;
Use UP and DOWN arrow keys to flip the card;
H to show hint;
A reads text to speech;
42 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
|
where does cell respiration occur in the cell
|
glycolysis takes place in the cytoplasm
Krebs cycle and electron transport take place in mitochondria |
|
|
where does photosynthesis occur in the cell
|
inside chloroplasts
|
|
|
what is the overall equation for cell respiration
|
oxygen + glucose = carbon dioxide + water + energy
6O2 + C6H12O6 = 6CO2 + 6H2O + energy |
|
|
equation of photosynthesis
|
carbon dioxide + water ------light------> sugars + oxygen
6CO2 + 6H2O -------light-------> C6H12O6 + 6O2 |
|
|
what is the fuel source for cell respiration
|
glucose
|
|
|
fuel source for photosynthesis
|
light energy from sun
|
|
|
inputs for cell respiration
|
oxygen and glucose
|
|
|
outputs of cell respiration
|
carbon dioxide, water and energy
|
|
|
inputs for photosynthesis
|
carbon dioxide and water
|
|
|
outputs of photosynthesis
|
sugar and oxygen
|
|
|
what are the 3 main steps to cell respiration
|
glycolysis, Kreb cycle and electron transport chain
|
|
|
2 main steps of photosynthesis
|
light reaction and calvin cycle
|
|
|
what are the 4 energy molecules we learned about and which of the 2 processes are they in
|
NADP+ --- Calvin cycle
NADPH --- Calvin cycle NADH ----- Krebs cycle FADH ----- Krebs cycle |
|
|
what is chlorophyll's role in photosynthesis?
|
chlorophyll absorbs light necessary for photosynthesis to occur
|
|
|
what are thylakoids? what happens at them?
|
Thylakoids are photosynthetic membranes in chloroplasts. They are the site of light-dependent reactions of photosynthesis
|
|
|
What is the difference between aerobic and anaerobic respiration
|
aerobic - needs oxygen
anaerobic - doesn't need oxygen |
|
|
what types of organisms do photosynthesis? what types of organisms do cell respiration?
|
photosynthesis occurs in plants, bacteria and some protists
cellular respiration occurs in plant and animal cells |
|
|
what is the purpose of mitosis
|
to create more cells
|
|
|
what is the end product of mitosis
|
2 identical daughter cells
|
|
|
describe interphase and whether it is a part of mitosis
|
the phase between cell growth in the cell cycle. not technically part of mitosis. longest phase of the cell cycle. divided into G1, S, and G2 phases
|
|
|
What phases do we find chromatin
|
interphase, prophase and telophase
|
|
|
what is the role of the spindle fiber
|
they pull the sister chromatids apart to opposite poles
|
|
|
What phases do we find chromatin
|
interphase, prophase and telophase
|
|
|
what is the role of the spindle fiber
|
they pull the sister chromatids apart to opposite poles
|
|
|
describe cytokinesis
|
it is the division of the cytoplasm and usually occurs at the same time as telophase
|
|
|
what is the purpose of meiosis
|
to reduce the number of chromosomes in a cell to produce gametes
|
|
|
how does meiosis create genetic variability
|
by crossing over - where alleles are exchanged and new combinations of alleles occurs
|
|
|
how does mitosis differ from meiosis
|
mitosis creates identical daughter cells, meiosis creates daughter cells with different DNA
|
|
|
what is a gamete
|
sex cell
|
|
|
are the cells at the end of meiosis genetically identical or different
|
different
|
|
|
how many times does the cell divide during meiosis
|
twice: first in telophase I and again in telophase II. the result is 4 haploid daughter cells
|
|
|
when do chromosomes form tetrads
|
in prophase I - there are 4 chromatids in a tetrad
|
|
|
what are homologous chromosomes
|
a set of chromosomes where half are from the female and half are from the male
|
|
|
what is a karyotype
|
set of photographs of chromosomes grouped in order in pairs
|
|
|
what happens between meiosis I and meiosis II that reduces the number of chromosomes
|
The homologous chromosomes separate and two new cells are formed therefore the number of chromosomes are divided in half
|
|
|
explain why the phrase reduction-division describes meiosis
|
chromosomes are divided which reduces the number of chromosomes
|
|
|
at what stage could new allele combinations be formed
|
prophase I
|
|
|
at what stages is the cell 2n and 4n
|
in prophase II you have 2n daughter cells. in telophase II, you have 4n daughter cells. n = haploid
|
|
|
calculate diploid and haploid numbers: if 2n=24, what is n? which is the diploid number and which is the haploid number
|
n= 12
n is the haploid number 2 diploid cells and 12 haploid cells |
|
|
what is a chiasmata in meiosis
|
keeps the homologous pairs attached
|
|
|
describe the structure of DNA
|
DNA takes the form of a ladder: sides are deoxyribose and a phosphate group. steps are made of 4 nitrogen bases
|
|
|
how does DNA replication occur
|
replication is carried out by a series of enzymes that "unzip" a molecule of DNA. After unzipping into 2 strands the complementary strands pair with a new base
|
