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26 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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John Harrison (G)
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Made device to measure longitude in 1765.
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Pierre Perrault (G)
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- Early geology wondered about source of rivers. In 1674 Perrault realized rainfall in Paris could account for outflow of Seine.
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Thomas Burnet (G)
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Looked for a natural mechanism to explain the Genesis flood. Thought earth smooth, then cracked and would be consumed quickly.
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Georg Bauer Agricola (G)
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"Fossil" - anything dug out of the earth that resembles an organism.
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James Ussher (G)
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published a chronology of the events in the Bible. Came up with a date for creation (Oct. 23, 4004 BCE)
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William Whiston (G)
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Tried to explain biblical events with cometary events.
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Benoit de Maillet (G)
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Thought earth ancient (2 bya)
cycles of creation/destruction No biblical flood earth was covered by water life from seeds (1730s) |
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Edward Lhwyd (G)
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thought fossils were natural features of geology and not remains of organism (fossil skeptic) - No extinction.
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John Ray (G)
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re: ammonites
-why would a wise, loving God allow extinction? |
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Nicholas Steno (G)
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Tongue stones (fossilized shark teeth within matrix) a puzzle. Implied process whereby solids imbed in other solids.
2 periods of sedimentation: pre and post flood. |
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John Woodward (G)
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when flood waters receded, heavier objects sank and appear in lower strata, lighter appear in high strata.
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Robert Hooke (G)
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-Sedimentary rocks not remains of flood
-earth surface could reform over time - extinction real |
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A.G. Werner (G)
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-Continual recession of ocean
-waters recede, younger layers laid down -Granite core (earth's original contour) |
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James Hutton (G)
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Wrote the worst book ever written.
-Plutonist (internal heat agent of geological change) 1. Geological Cycles 2. Uniformitarianism |
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Charles Lyell (G)
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Disciple of Hutton's ideas and of uniformitarianism.
Encouraged Darwin to publish but wasn't evolutionist. |
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What were the 7 early goals of early geology?
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1. Exploration and mapping earth
2. Mining and minerology 3. Source of Rivers? 4. Origin of Mountains 5. Fossils 6. Tides 7. Cosmology |
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Discuss a couple (where couple refers to 1 or 2) features of The Genesis View as per lecture notes.
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1. Divine creation recent
2. Only one geological event in history shaped the earth: The Great Flood. |
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What were the early scientific theories of the earth?
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1. Sacred theory of the earth
2. New Theory of the earth 3. Telliamed |
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Explain the Sacred Theory of the Earth.
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Advocated by Burnet
Pre-Flood: smooth shell. Flood: cracked, water rushed up. Post: mountains. Future: mtns erode; underground fire; consumed. |
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Explain the New Theory of the Earth (3 comets)
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William Whiston - 3 comets.
1 - earth comet, elip. 2 - the fall - comet hit induced seasons, tilt, seasons. 3 - flood when went in comet tail |
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According to the New Theory of the Earth, five comets will affect earth. Explain last 2
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4th - strips atmosphere; brings up molten metal; world fire.
5th - Christ's 1000 yr reign Battle of Armageddon; direct hit. |
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Explain Telliamed
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Benoit de Maillet
- earth covered by water -life from seeds, which adapt -acq. characteristics. |
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Define Neptunism
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Neptunism was an attempt to understand geological formations (esp. mountains) as a conseq. of
1. recession of oceans (not flood water) 2. crystalization of minerals. |
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Explain the two different types of Neptunists.
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1. Non-biblical: Werner; continental Europe. No ref. to Genesis.
2. Genesis inspired: nept. could save the deluge. *William Buckland (last genesis-insp. geology) |
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Neptunists established stratigraphical principle of superposition. Explain.
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-states that younger rocks are on top of older ones
-used minerals to date rocks. |
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What are some of the significant points from Hutton's work?
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- time required
- shift from origins to change - grand canyon young, not old - earths surface could be reformed endlessly etc. |
