Biology Final Exam

Front 1

Abiotic factor

Back 1

nonliving factors of ecosystem

Front 2

Biome

Back 2

group of ecosystems with similar climate and communities

Front 3

Biotic factor

Back 3

living factors of ecosystem

Front 4

Biosphere

Back 4

part of earth where live exists

Front 5

Climate

Back 5

year-to-year conditions of temperature and precipitation

Front 6

Community

Back 6

different populations living in same area

Front 7

Commensalism

Back 7

one organism benefits and the other is neither helped nor harmed

Front 8

Consumer

Back 8

one who does the eating

Front 9

Decomposition

Back 9

breaking down of dead and dying matter

Front 10

Decomposers

Back 10

organisms that break down dead and dying matter

Front 11

Ecosystem

Back 11

organisms that live in a particular place along with abiotic environment

Front 12

Estuary

Back 12

wetlands formed where rivers meet the ocean

Front 13

Food chain

Back 13

series of steps where organisms transfer energy by eating and being eaten

Front 14

Food web

Back 14

links all of the food chains in an ecosystem together.

Front 15

Heterotrophs

Back 15

organisms that can not make their own food

Front 16

Microclimate

Back 16

climate within a small area that differs from surrounding climate

Front 17

Mutualism

Back 17

type of symbiosis where both organisms benefit

Front 18

Nitrogen cycle

Back 18

process of converting nitrogen gas into ammonia

Front 19

Population

Back 19

group of individuals of same species that live in an area

Front 20

Species

Back 20

one kind of an organism

Front 21

Parasitism

Back 21

when one organisms is harmed and the other benefits

Front 22

Photic zone

Back 22

well lit upper layer of water in ocean that extends to 200 meters

Front 23

Predation

Back 23

when one organism (predator) feeds on another organism (prey)

Front 24

Producers

Back 24

organisms that make their own food by photosynthesis

Front 25

Water cycle

Back 25

water cycles through an ecosystem

Front 26

Weather

Back 26

day-to-day conditions of the Earth’s atmosphere

Front 27

Wetlands

Back 27

ecosystem where water covers the soil part of the year

Front 28

ATP

Back 28

energy carrying molecule

Front 29

Calvin cycle

Back 29

in photosynthesis, where carbohydrates are made

Front 30

Cellular respiration

Back 30

carbohydrates are broken down into energy in mitochondria

Front 31

Chloroplast

Back 31

organelle where photosynthesis takes place

Front 32

Chlorophyll

Back 32

organelle where photosynthesis takes place

Front 33

Electron transport system

Back 33

last step of cellular respiration where most of the ATP is made

Front 34

Fermentation

Back 34

anaerobic process that breaks down glucose

Front 35

Granum

Back 35

stack of thylakoids

Front 36

Glycolysis

Back 36

anaerobic process that breaks glucose into pyruvic acid; occurs in cytoplasm

Front 37

Krebs cycle

Back 37

aerobic process that breaks pyruvic acid into energy and carbon dioxide

Front 38

Lactic acid

Back 38

chemical that is make during fermentation in muscles

Front 39

NAP+

Back 39

molecule that carries electrons in cellular respiration

Front 40

Mitochondria

Back 40

organelle that carries out cellular respiration

Front 41

Thylakoid

Back 41

membrane in chloroplast that holds photosystems

Front 42

Pigment

Back 42

molecule that absorbs light

Front 43

Photosynthesis

Back 43

process by which plants absorb light energy from the sun and make carbohydrates

Front 44

Pruvate (pyruvic acid)

Back 44

3 carbon molecule made when glucose is split