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74 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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One menstrual cycle usually last about a
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week
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A zygote is a
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fertilized egg cell
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What is the function of the placenta?
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transferring of nutrients to the fetus
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Where does fertilization usually occur?
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oviduct
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When one or more egg is fertilized
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fraternal
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Number of chromosomes in a zygote
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46
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Number of chromosomes in s sperm cell nucleus
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23
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One difference bwtn cytokinesis in plant cells and in animal cell is that plant cells have
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a cell plate
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When during the cell cycle is a cells DNA replicated?
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S phase
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How many chromosomes at G2?
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15
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How many chromatids at prophase?
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30
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How many chromosomes at anaphase?
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30
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How many centromeres at anaphase?
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30
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How mnay centrosomes will it have at telophase?
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2
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Normal human cells have how many chromosomes?
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26
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Unlike mitosis, meiosis results in the formation of
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hapliod cells
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Crossing over is rare in mitosis. What is the reason?
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tetrads dont form during mitosis
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Cancer is a disease which some cells loose ability to
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control rate of division
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Meiosis results in formation of
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4 genetically different cells
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Male body begins making sperm cells when
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puberty
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Males have what sex xsomes
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XY
(only males have a Y) |
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Females have what xsomes
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XX
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An organsisms gametes have ___ the number of xsomes found in an organisms body cells?
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half
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Crossing over occurs when?
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Prophase I
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When cancer spreads from their orgin to other parts of body
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metastasis
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A display of an individual complete set of xsomes
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Karyotype
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2 Charactaristics of homologous xsomes
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general info/genes same
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Who was Gregor Mendel
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monk,studies pea plants, father of genetics
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Variation in human skin color is a result of what?
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polygenic inheritance
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A cross of a black chicken with a white chicken produces blue babies. This is
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intermediate inheritance
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What is true about red bone marrow?
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Found in the end of long bones, makes cells that develop into blood cells
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What is the function of the nervous system?
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sensory input, integration, motor output
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What is the function of neurotransmitters?
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to transmit nerve impulses across synaptic clefts
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The basic unit of nervous tissue is
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neuron
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What principle states that during gamete formation genes for different traits separate without influencing others inheritance?
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principle of independent assortment
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In the P generation, a true breeding tall plant is crossed with a true breeding short plant. THe probability that an F2 plant will be this tall
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75%
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What is the phenotype ratio?
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9.3.3.1
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Photosynthesis uses sunlight to convert water at carbon dioxide into
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oxygen and sugars
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Most plants appear green because chlorophyll
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does not aborb green light
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Plants produce what gas?
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oxygen
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A granum is a
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stack of thylakoids
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The reactions that convert the energy in sunlight into chemical energy of ATP and NADPH are called
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light reactions
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During what cycle do plants use energy in ATP and NADPH to build sugars
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calvin cycle
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What is a protien membrane called that allows H+ ions to pass through the thylakoid membrane?
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ATP synthase
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Overall equation for photosynthesis
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Sunlight+6CO2+6H20--602+C6H206
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What is the sequence of events in cellular respiration?
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glycolysis-Krebs cycle-electrpn transport
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Cellular respiration is called and aerobis process because it requires
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oxygen
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Any gene located on a sex xsome is called a
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sex-linked gene
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A trait carried on the Y xsome is called
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holandric gene
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Males give all their____xsomes to all of their sons and ____ to all of their daughters
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Y X
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Why are most sex-linked disorders common in males?
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they only have 1 X
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DNA is copied in a process called
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replication
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A change that occurs when a part of a xsome is repeated is called a
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duplication
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What occurs when a frament of a xsome is lost
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deletion
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What scientist discovered that the % of complementary bases was = in DNA samples?
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Chargaff
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Genes that contain instructions for assembling
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protiens
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Because of base pairing in DNA, the % of
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pyrimidines in DNA is about = to the % of purines
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The study of the functions of the human body parts is called
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physiology
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What is the levels of organization in the human body?
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cell, tissure, organ, organ system
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Ligaments connect
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bone to bone
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What does red marrow do
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makes blood cells
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The study of the STRUCTURES of the human body is called
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anatomy
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What are the 2 layers of skin
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epidermis and dermis
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What connects muscles to bones
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tendons
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The layer beneath the dermis is known as
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hypodermis
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Internal stability or steady state of the body
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homeostasis
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What kind of marrow is made of fat cells
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yellow
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What are the 3 types of muscle tissue?
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cardiac, skeletic, smooth
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Produces gametes
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reproductive system
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delivers oxyegn and nutrients to body cells
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circulatory sys
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removes waste products from blood
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excretory sys
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coordinates body's activities
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nervous sys
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provides body support and movement
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skeletal sys
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defends body against infections
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immune sys
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