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18 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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What is the gene called that makes you smell like fish?
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FM03
- both parents have to have this gene. - if one parent carries this gene then you are a 'silent |
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What is Heredity?
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The passing of characteristics from parent to offspring through their genes.
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What are single-trait genes?
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Traits that are determined by the instructions a person carries at one gene.
- ex: clef chin/non clef chin, attached earlobes/unattached earlobs, widows peek/ no widows peek) |
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Who is Gregor Mendel?
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He discovered heredity by experimenting with pea plants.
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What is Mendels law of Segregation?
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Only one of the two alleles for a gene is put into a gamete. At fertilization offspring receive from each parent one allele for each gene.
- In Meiosis: each gamete gets one copy of each gene - each fertilized egg gets two copies of each gene. |
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What is a phenotype?
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The outward appearance of an indvidual
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What is genotype?
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An organism's genetic composition.
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What are the two reasons that chance is important in genetics?
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1. consequence of segregation
2. fetilization has a chance event |
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What is Anury?
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Dogs and other animals that are born without a tail.
- the condition is inherited and is a recessive trait. |
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What is imcomplete dominance?
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Heterozygote appears to be intermdiate between two homozygotes.
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What is codominance?
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Heterozygote displays characteristics of both homozygotes.
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What are the different types of blood type?
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A, B, O alleles
- A, B alles are dominant to O - A, B alleles are codominant to eachother - individuals can be one of four blood types : A,B,O, AB |
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What are antigens?
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Chemicals that are on the surface of some cells, they signal to the antibodies weather or not they belong to the body or not.
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What is Evolution?
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The change in allele frequencies in a population.
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What are the agencts of evolutionary change?
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1. mutation
2. migration 3. genetic drift 4. natural selection |
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What is mutation?
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An alteration of DNA sequence
- it can create a new allele in an individual ex: frog with a third leg - create changes in allel frequencies (evolution occurs) |
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What causes mutation?
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1. the process of cells dividing go awry.
2. enviormental phenomena (mutagens) 3. mutations are random - ultraviolent light in tanning beds can cause mutation -radiation from cellphones can cause tumors (mutation) |
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What is genetic drift?
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allele frequency changes in a population
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