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10 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Describe the structure and function of enzymes |
Enzymes are proteins that catalyze specific cellular reactions. The substrate binds to the enzymes active site and is converted to product |
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Explain how enzymes decrease a reaction's activation energy Barrier |
the binding of a substrate to the enzymes active site causes the enzyme to change shape (induced fit) placing more stress on the bonds of the substrate and thereby lowering the amount of energy required to start the reaction |
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Define metabolism |
Metabolism includes all the chemical reaction that occurs in cells to build up or breakdown macromolecules |
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Describe the structure and function of ATP |
ATP is a nucleotide triphosphate. The nucleotide found in the ATP contains a sugar and the nitrogenous base adenine |
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Describe the structure and function of ATP |
The Energy stored in the chemical bonds of food can be released and stored in the bonds of ATP. Cells use ATP to power energy requiring process |
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Describe the structure and function of ATP |
Breaking the terminal phosphate bond of ATP release energy that can be used to perform cellular work and produces ADP plus a phosphate |
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Describe the process of cellular respiration from the break down of glucose through the production of ATP |
Cellular respiration begins in the cytosol, where a 6 carbon sugar is broken down into two 3 carbon pyruvic acid molecules During the anaerobic process of glycolysis |
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Describe the process of cellular respiration from the break down of glucose through the production of ATP |
The pyruvic acid molecules then move across the two mitochondrial membrane, where they are decarboxylated. The remaining 2 carbon fragment then moves into the matrix of the mitochondrion, where the citric acid cycle strips them of carbon dioxide and electrons |
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Describe the process of cellular respiration from the break down of glucose through the production of ATP |
Electrons removed from chemicals that are part of glycolysis and the citric acid cycle are carried by electron Carriers, such as the NADH, to the inner mitochondrial membrane;there they are added to a series of proteins called the electron transport chain. At the bottom of the electron transport train, oxygen pulls the electrons towards itself. As the electrons move down the electron transport chain,the energy that they release is used to drive protons (H+) into the inter-membrane space. Once there in the proton rush through the enzyme ATP synthase and produce ATP from ADP and phosphate |
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Describe the process of cellular respiration from the break down of glucose through the production of ATP |
When electrons reach the oxygen at the bottom of the electron transport chain, they combine with the oxygen and hydrogen ion's to produce water |
