Biology - Exam 3 - Practice Test (1/3)

Front 1

Why do bananas in a bag ripen so much faster than bananas on a counter top?
A)Ethylene, produced by the fruit, is trapped in the bag.
B)Abscisic acid, produced by the fruit, is trapped in the bag.
C)The bag holds in more moisture.
D)Cytokinins are present in low concentrations in the bag because sunlight stimulates the production of this hormone.
E)Auxins are present in low concentrations in the bag because sunlight stimulates the production of this hormone.

Back 1

Ethylene, produced by the fruit, is trapped in the bag.

Front 2

Which of the following is technically not a fruit?
A)cucumber
B)tomato
C)green pepper
D)lettuce
E)pumpkin

Back 2

Lettuce

Front 3

How does the skin act as a barrier to microbial invasion?
A)The dead skin cells contain bacterial nutrients.
B)It releases B cells and T cells to fight infections.
C)Secretions from sweat glands and sebaceous glands inhibit bacterial growth.
D)Its moist surface slows bacterial growth.

Back 3

Secretions from sweat glands and sebaceous glands inhibit bacterial growth.

Front 4

Which structure prevents foods and liquids from entering the lungs?
A)bronchiole
B)pharynx
C)epiglottis
D)bronchus
E)larynx

Back 4

epiglottis

Front 5

In plants, the diploid, multicellular organism is the:
A)gametophyte.
B)zygote.
C)sporophyte.
D)gamete.
E)spore.

Back 5

Sporophyte

Front 6

Animals need a respiratory system because each cell of their bodies is involved in the process of:
A)hormone production.
B)cellular respiration.
C)extracellular digestion.
D)intracellular digestion.
E)nitrogen fixation.

Back 6

cellular respiration.

Front 7

A scientist who claims to have discovered a new plant hormone must demonstrate that this compound is:
A)needed by the plant as a major source of energy.
B)formed in one part of the plant but has an effect in a different part.
C)capable of stimulating differentiated cells to form meristem tissue.
D)made from cell proteins.
E)produced in large amounts.

Back 7

formed in one part of the plant but has an effect in a different part.

Front 8

The place where a neuron communicates with a muscle fiber, a gland, or another neuron is called the:
A)synapse.
B)soma.
C)glia.
D)axon.
E)dendrite.

Back 8

synapse.

Front 9

Where are apical meristems located?
A)scattered throughout the plant
B)in cylinders along the side of the root
C)at the ends of the roots and stems
D)in clusters in the parenchyma
E)between the xylem and the phloem

Back 9

at the ends of the roots and stems

Front 10

After passing through the nasal cavities, incoming air next moves to the:
A)trachea.
B)larynx.
C)bronchi.
D)pharynx.
E)bronchioles.

Back 10

pharynx.

Front 11

In plants, the haploid, multicellular organism is the:
A)gametophyte.
B)gamete.
C)zygote.
D)sporophyte.
E)spore.

Back 11

gametophyte.

Front 12

What is the evolutionary significance of a flower that has large, brightly colored petals?
A)Such plants are usually self–pollinators and do not rely on external factors for pollination.
B)In general, these are aquatic plants, and water aids in their pollination, regardless of color and odor.
C)These flowers attract pollinators that are animals.
D)The wind is a significant factor in pollination, especially because of the large petals.
E)Such flowers produce only microspores or megaspores, not both.

Back 12

These flowers attract pollinators that are animals.

Front 13

The ________ valve is between the right ventricle and the pulmonary artery.
A)atrioventricular
B)bicuspid
C)semilunar
D)tricuspid

Back 13

semilunar

Front 14

________ are white blood cells that attack cancer cells.
A)Microphages
B)Mast cells
C)T cells
D)Plasma cells
E)Macrophages

Back 14

T cells

Front 15

An artificial pacemaker is a device that replaces the actions of the:
A)atrioventricular node.
B)sinoatrial node.
C)ventricles.
D)atria.

Back 15

sinoatrial node.

Front 16

Electrical signals are transmitted to the synaptic terminals along the:
A) cell body.
B) glia.
C) axon.
D) dendrite.
E) synapse.

Back 16

axon

Front 17

Which of the following is an example of a nonspecific response to infection?
A) T cells
B) B cells
C) antibodies
D) fever

Back 17

fever

Front 18

MHC (major histocompatibility complex) proteins:
A) mark cells as "self."
B) control antibody gene expression.
C) are released by T cells to kill infected cells.
D) cause cancer.

Back 18

mark cells as "self."

Front 19

A plant's tendency to grow toward a source of light is called:
A) phototropism.
B) gravitropism.
C) lumitropism.
D) thigmotropism.
E) amylotropism.

Back 19

phototropism.

Front 20

What is the role of valves in the veins?
A) They block the flow of blood to the heart until it has time to contract again.
B) They push the blood back toward the capillaries so that all the oxygen can be removed.
C) They keep blood from flowing backward when the veins are squeezed by skeletal muscles.
D) They push the blood upward toward the heart.
E) They slow blood flow in the veins so that the blood can move more slowly in the capillaries.

Back 20

They keep blood from flowing backward when the veins are squeezed by skeletal muscles.

Front 21

When your blood pressure is measured from an artery in your arm, it is a measurement of the pressure produced by your:
A) right atrium.
B) left atrium.
C) left ventricle.
D) right ventricle.

Back 21

left ventricle.

Front 22

How does carbon dioxide enter a leaf?
A) Atmospheric pressure forces CO2 through pits on the leaf surface.
B) CO2 is moved by active transport into the leaf by special cells called guard cells.
C) CO2 diffuses through the epidermal cells into the mesophyll.
D) CO2 travels dissolved in the water in the xylem.
E) CO2 passes through openings called stomata on the leaf surface.

Back 22

CO2 passes through openings called stomata on the leaf surface.

Front 23

All of the following are true of the SA node EXCEPT that it:
A) directly stimulates the ventricles.
B) is the pacemaker.
C) is influenced by nerve impulses and hormones.
D) directly stimulates the atria.

Back 23

directly stimulates the ventricles.

Front 24

The left ventricle is more muscular than the right ventricle because it must push the blood:
A) through the body's extensive system of vessels that nourish all cells.
B) against gas pressure in the lungs.
C) through the pulmonary arteries only.
D) through wider blood vessels.

Back 24

through the body's extensive system of vessels that nourish all cells.

Front 25

Which of the following is part of the peripheral nervous system?
A) autonomic nervous system
B) brain
C) medulla
D) thalamus
E) spinal cord

Back 25

autonomic nervous system

Front 26

In vertebrates, which heart chamber supplies oxygenated blood to the body cells?
A) right ventricle
B) left ventricle
C) right atrium
D) left atrium

Back 26

left ventricle

Front 27

Which mineral is important for carrying O2 in the blood?
A) calcium
B) potassium
C) sodium
D) zinca
E) iron

Back 27

iron

Front 28

Bile aids in fat digestion by:
A) converting lipids to proteins, which can then be digested by proteases.
B) breaking lipids into smaller components that can then be digested further by pancreatic enzymes.
C) removing the fatty acid chains from the glycerol.
D) acting directly as a lipid–digesting enzyme.

Back 28

breaking lipids into smaller components that can then be digested further by pancreatic enzymes.

Front 29

Endocrine communication depends on:
A) electrical signals within individual cells.
B) cytoplasmic movement through gap junctions.
C) chemicals secreted into the blood for delivery.
D) target cells not binding to a hormone.
E) chemicals secreted through ducts.

Back 29

chemicals secreted into the blood for delivery.

Front 30

"Big eater" cells that ingest and destroy microbes are:
A) natural killer cells.
B) mast cells.
C) T cells.
D) macrophages.
E) plasma cells.

Back 30

macrophages.

Front 31

Endocrine hormones are:
A) released from a nerve cell and diffuse across a synaptic gap to influence its target cell.
B) electrical signals that move between adjacent cells.
C) chemicals that are released by a cell into the surrounding extracellular fluid and affect only other nearby cells.
D) biochemicals released from one cell and transferred via the blood to other (target) cells.
E) released from gap junctions directly into the cytoplasm of the connected cell.

Back 31

biochemicals released from one cell and transferred via the blood to other (target) cells.

Front 32

Gap junctions:
A) allow the rapid passage of electrical signals among heart cells.
B) are found in white blood cells.
C) connect veins and arteries.
D) prevent the backflow of blood from ventricles to atrium.

Back 32

allow the rapid passage of electrical signals among heart cells.