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36 Cards in this Set

  • Front
  • Back
abiotic
non-living
absorption
to soak up
aphid
an insect that eats and drinks nector from plants they live on
bacteria
domain of uni-cellular prokaryokes that have cell walls containing peptidoglycons
biomass pyramid
represents the amount of potential food available for each trophic level in an ecosystem
biosphere
part of earth in which life exists
carbon cycle
4 types of processes that move through this cycle: 1.biological
2.geochemical
3.mixed bio-geochemical
4.human-act
carnivore
animal that eats meat
commensalism
symbioyic relationship by which one member of the association benefits and the other is neither helped nor harmed
consumer
something that eats something else
decomposition
a reaction in which a compound breaks into 2 or more simpler substances
ecology
scientific study of interactions among organisms and between organisms
biomass
total amount of living tissue within a given trophic level
food chain
shows one way flow of energy
food web
network of complex interactions
fungi
kingdom composed of heterotrophs
herbivore
animal that eats plants
host
organism being used
mutualism
symbiotic relationship in which both species benefit from the relationship
describe the impact of human activities on the carbon cycle
*burning fossil fuels
state the roles of photosynthesis and respiration on the carbon cycle
carbon dioxide is taken in by plants during photosynthesis and is given off by both plants and animals during respiration
indentify the role of bacteria in the nitrogen cycle
only certain types of bacteria which live in the soil and on the roots of plants called legumes, convert nitrogen gas into ammonia in a process known as nitrogen fixation
identify the changes that occur during ecological succession
ecosystems are constantly changing in response to natural and human disturbances .as an ecosystem changes, older inhabitants gradually die out and new organisms move in, causing further changes in the community
distinguish among carnivores, herbivores, and omnivores
carnivores-animals that eat meat
herbivores-animals that eat plants
omnivores-animals that eat both plants and animals
distinguish among commensalisms, mutualism, and parasitism
commensalism-one benefits, the other is not harmed
mutualism- both species benefit
parasitism-one lives on another and consequently harms it
desribe the flow of energy through a food web
each consumer depends on the trophic level below it for energy
distinguish between a food web and a food chain
a food web links all food chains in an ecosystem
identify actions that can help preserve the biosphere
*recycle
state the ranges of pH associated with acids, bases, and neutral solutions
1-6= increasing acidic
7= neutral
8-14= increasing basic
distinguish between organic and inorganic molecules
organic- with carbon
inorganic- without carbon
compare carbohydrates, lipids, nucleic acids, and proteins
carbohydrate- compound made up of carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen atoms
lipids-macromolecules made mainly from carbon and hydrogen atoms
nucleic acids- macromolecule containing hydrogen, oxygen, nitrogen, carbon, and phosphorus
proteins-macromolecule that contains carbon, hydrogen, oxygen, and nitrogen
identify the building blocks of proteins and nucleic acids
proteins-amino acids
nucleic acids-nucleotides
state the function of the flagellum
whip like structures used for movement
state the functions of chloroplasts, mitochondria, and ribosomes
ribosomes- small particles of RNA and protein found throughout the cytoplasm
mitochondria-organelles that convert the chemical energy stored in food into compounds that are more convenient for the cell to use
identify the roles of a membrane in osmosis and homeostasis
osmosis- allows substance to enter or exit
homeostasis- helps keep internal conditions relatively constant despite changes in external environment
distinguish between prokaryokes and eukaryokes
prokaryokes- have genetic material that is not contained in a nucleus.(does not contain nucleus)
eukaryokes- contain a nucleus in which their genetic material is seperated from the rest of the cell.(has a nucleus)