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52 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
Anatomy |
Study of structure and form |
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Physiology |
Study of function of body parts |
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Cytology |
Body cells and their internal structure |
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Histology |
Study of tissues |
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Pathologic anatomy |
Examines anatomic changes resulting from disease |
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Pathophsyiology |
Relationship between functioning of an organ system and disease or injury to that organ system |
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Characteristics of living things |
Organization Metabolism Growth/development Responsiveness Regulation Reproduction |
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Levels of organization |
Atom- protons neutrons electrons Molecule- one or more combined atoms Organelle- plasma membrane, ER Cell- red blood cell, neuron, skeletal muscle cell Tissue- connective muscle nervous epithelial Organ- bladder, brain, kidney Organ system- digestive Organism- (ALL systems together) |
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Systemic anatomy |
Study Functional body system |
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Regional anatomy |
All structures in a particular region of the body |
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Surface anatomy |
Superficial anatomic markings and internal body structures |
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Cell physiology |
Focus on cells |
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Anabolic |
Small molecules are assembled into large ones |
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Catabolic |
Large molecules broken into smaller |
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Supine |
Hands up if laying down |
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Prone |
Palms down if laying down |
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Matter |
Stuff of the universe Anything that has mass and takes up space |
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Amphipathic |
Large molecules, 2 regions Phospholipids |
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Van der waals force |
Non polar molecules (wax oils lipids) Brief moment of unequal distribution of E Affects atom of neighboring non polar molecule Individually weak, collectively strong |
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Acids |
Dissociate in water Produce H+ and anion Proton donors |
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Bases |
Accepts H+ Proton acceptors alkalines |
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Organic |
Contain C Covalently bonded often large Biological macromolecules |
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Inorganic |
Mostly non C containing substances Exceptions: CO CO2 HCO-3 |
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Atomic number |
Number of protons |
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Isotope |
Different # neutrons |
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Ionic compound |
Metal + nonmetal Stealing of electrons Called salts Clumps of ions |
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Cation |
Losing electrons |
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Anion |
Gaining electrons |
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Covalent bond |
Sharing of 2+ electrons |
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Non polar |
Equally share electron |
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Polar |
Unequal sharing |
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Molecules |
2+ different elements covalently bonded |
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Dehydration synthesis |
Synthesize biomolecules Covalent bond formed Water produced |
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Hydrolysis |
Break down biomolecules Water used to break bond |
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Alcohols |
Contain -OH Ethanol Glycerol |
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Ethanol |
Produced in fermentation |
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Fatty acids |
Vary in length and # of double bonds Acid Saturated Unsaturated |
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Saturated |
Only single covalent bonds between carbons |
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Unsaturated |
1+ double covalent bonds between carbons |
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Fats |
3 fatty acids bond to glycerol |
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Lipogenesis |
Form it Dehydration |
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Lipolysis |
Break it Hydrolysis |
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Phospholipids |
Amphipathic barrier of cell membrane Modified triglycerides -2 fatty acid groups and a phosphorus groupd |
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Steroids |
4 carbon rings Cholesterol |
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Steroid hormones |
Endocrine signaling Estrogen, testosterone |
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Carbs |
Contain C H O 1:2:1 Major function: source of cellular food |
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Nucleotides |
C H O N P ATP |
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Nucleic acids |
POLYMER OF DNA In nucleus of cell Store genetic code Template for DNA replication and RNA trancscription |
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Potential |
Energy of position |
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Kinetic |
Energy of motion |
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Diffusion (passive) |
Down a concentration gradient Uniform distribution of molecules |
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Osmosis |
Diffusion of WATER |