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26 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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What are carbohydrates made up of? |
Sugar units |
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What are lipids made up of? |
Fatty acids and glycerol. |
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What are proteins made up of? |
Amino acids. |
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What are four functions of proteins in living cells? |
Antibodies, hormones, making up tissues in the body and enzymes. |
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What is a catalyst? |
A catalyst is a substance that increases the speed of a reaction, without being used up in the reaction. |
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H |
H |
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Why does the reaction stop when the mixture is heated above a certain temperature? |
A higher temperature increases the rate of reaction at first but if it gets too hot, some of the bonds holding the enzyme together break. This changes the active site so the substrate won't fit in anymore and the reaction won't work. |
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What is the optimum pH of an enzyme? |
The optimum pH is the pH the enzyme works best at its usually 7. |
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What is the job of the digestive enzymes? |
To break large molecules into smaller ones so they can be absorbed into the bloodstream through the wall of the small intestine. |
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Where is amylase produced? |
Salivary glands, pancréas& the small intestine. |
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Where does lipase work? |
Mouth and small intestine. |
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Where is bile produced, stored and used? |
Bile is made in the liver, stored in the gall bladder and used in the small intestine. |
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B |
H |
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What does bile do? |
Bile neutralises the stomach acid and emulsifies fat. This makes digestion much faster. |
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Why does the stomach produce hydrochloric acid? |
To kill bacteria and give the right pH for the protease enzyme to work. |
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Why does the stomach produce hydrochloric acid? |
To kill bacteria and give the right pH for the protease enzyme to work. |
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What is the function of salivary glands? |
Produce amylase enzyme in the saliva. |
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What is the function of the pancreas? |
Produces protease, amylase and lipase enzymes and releases these into the duodenum. |
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What is the function of the gall bladder? |
Where bile is stored before it goes into the small intestine. |
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What is absorbed from the small intestine, the large intestine? |
Small intestine: digested food is absorbed out of the digestive system into the blood. Large intestine: water that's mixed with food is absorbed into the bloodstream. |
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Why does the stomach produce hydrochloric acid? |
To kill bacteria and give the right pH for the protease enzyme to work. |
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What is the function of salivary glands? |
Produce amylase enzyme in the saliva. |
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What is the function of the pancreas? |
Produces protease, amylase and lipase enzymes and releases these into the duodenum. |
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What is the function of the gall bladder? |
Where bile is stored before it goes into the small intestine. |
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What is absorbed from the small intestine, the large intestine? |
Small intestine: digested food is absorbed out of the digestive system into the blood. Large intestine: water that's mixed with food is absorbed into the bloodstream. |
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Give two types of enzyme |
Blab |
