Biology -Drugs

Front 1

effects of nicotine

Back 1

1. stimulates brain-make smokers feel alert

2. release adrenaline-increased heart rate and blood pressure

3. blood clot- can lead to heart attack if in cornary arteries or stroke if in the brain capillaries.

Front 2

effects of carbon monoxide

Back 2

1. reduce efficiency of red blood cells transporting oxygen

2.fatty substances deposited on the inner walls of arteries

3. damage lining of blood vessels-blood clot, block blood vessels

Front 3

effects of tar

Back 3

1. induces epitheliem or membrane of the air sacs to divide at an abnormal rate(carcinogenic)

2. paralyses the cilia lining the air passages
-prevents removal of dust particles from the lungs and trachea

Front 4

irritants include:

Back 4

hydrogen cyanide and acrolein

Front 5

effects of irritants

Back 5

paralyses the cilia in the air passages and weaken the walls of the alveoli

2. cause cells lining the air passages to produce mucus
-coughing bursts the weakened walls of hte alveoli, causing a decrease in wall area
-gaseous exchange greatly reduced.

Front 6

effects of nicotine

Back 6

1. stimulates brain-make smokers feel alert

2. release adrenaline-increased heart rate and blood pressure

3. blood clot- can lead to heart attack if in cornary arteries or stroke if in the brain capillaries.

Front 7

effects of carbon monoxide

Back 7

1. reduce efficiency of red blood cells transporting oxygen

2.fatty substances deposited on the inner walls of arteries

3. damage lining of blood vessels-blood clot, block blood vessels

Front 8

effects of tar

Back 8

1. induces epitheliem or membrane of the air sacs to divide at an abnormal rate(carcinogenic)

2. paralyses teh cilia ling the air passages
-prevents removal of dust particles from the lungs and trachea

Front 9

irritants include:

Back 9

hydrogen cyanide and acrolein

Front 10

effects of irritants

Back 10

paralyses the cilia in the air passages and weaken the walls of the alveoli

2. cause cells lining the air passages to produce mucus
-coughing bursts the weakened walls of hte alveoli, causing a decrease in wall area
-gaseous exchange greatly reduced.

Front 11

chronic bronchitis

Back 11

-epithelium or membrane lining the inner surface of the bronchi or main air passages to the lungs become inflamed and narrowed.
-excessive mucus secreted >breathing difficulties

Front 12

emphysema (cause by irritants)

Back 12

partition walls between the alveoli break down because of intense coughing, enlarging air spaces and decreasing the surface area of the lung
>reduce absorption of oxygen

Front 13

medicinal drugs

Back 13

1. antibiotics
2. anaesthetics
3. analgesics

Front 14

socially-accepted drugs

Back 14

1. caffeine
2. alcohol

Front 15

alcohol

Back 15

can be abusedif consumed inexcessive amounts

-depressant
>affect nervous system(cause intoxication)
>affects digestive system (cause gastric ulcers or cirrhosis of the liver)

Front 16

drug abuse

Back 16

stimulants, hallucinogenic, depressant,opiates