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31 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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How are the bases paired in the DNA molecule?
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Held together with weak hydrogen bonds.
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What are the 2 scientists that discovered the DNA molecule?
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Watson & Crick
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What makes up the "sides
of DNA? |
Phosphate & Sugar
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What makes up the "rungs" of DNA?
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Adenine, Guanine, Thymine, Cytosine
A G T C |
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What type of bond is between base pairs?
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Hydrogen
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Where is DNA found?
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nucleus
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What does DNA stand for?
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deoxuribonucleic Acid
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What is DNA?
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the complete instructions for manufacturing all the proteins for an organism.
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What is replication?
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Copy of DNA
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What are the parts of a nucleotide?
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Simple sugar, phosphate, Base (A,T,G,C)
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What is the replicated strand of the following DNA molecule:
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A G T C A T C G A C A T G
T C A G T A G C T G T A C |
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What is a codon?
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3 base sequence code for aminoacid.
Example: AGU |
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What is the base pairing rule when dealing with RNA?
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A-U Rna doesn't recognize T, so uracil is used.
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Where does the mRNA originate?
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nucleus
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Where does it go?
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cytoplasm ----- ribosome
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The sequence of what in DNA determines the genetic code?
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nucleotides (phosphate, sugar, bases)
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Where does transcription take place?
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nucleus
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Where does translation take place?
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cytoplasm ------- ribosome
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The process of protein synthesis involves what 2 parts?
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transcription, translation
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What do amino acids form?
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protein
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What is translation?
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Takes place in cytoplasm at a ribosome according to the mRNA instructions.
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What is transcription?
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Takes place in the nucleus, mRNA is made form DNA template
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What is an codon?
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3 base pair sequence which is the code for specific amino acid.
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What are the characteristics of DNA?
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double strand, simple sugar, deoxiribose, thymine, does not leave nucleus
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What are the characteristics of RNA?
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single strand, simple sugar - ribose, uracil (not thymine), does not read, moves in and out of nucleus.
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A mutation is any mistake or change in the DNA
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DNA
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A point mutation is a change in
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single base pairs DNA
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A mutation in which a single base is added to or deleted from DNA is called
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frame shift
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Many chromosome mutations result when chromosomes fail to separate properly during ______ (cell division in body cells.)
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mitosis
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An agent that can cause a change in DNA is called a (n)
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mutagen
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What is an anticodon?
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A specific sequence of three nucleotides in transfer RNA
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