Biology- Digestion And Respiration

Front 1

What is digestion?

Back 1

Digestion is the breaking down of large, complex , insoluble materials of food into simple, small, soluble molecules.

Front 2

What is ingestion?

Back 2

Ingestion is the taking in of food materials (from the mouth in humans)

Front 3

What is absorption?

Back 3

Absorption is the diffusion of small soluble molecules from the alimentary canal to the blood stream

Front 4

What is assimilation?

Back 4

Assimilation is the taking out of food molecules from the blood to be used by body cells in the processes of respiration, growth and development

Front 5

What is egestion?

Back 5

This is the removal of insoluble or indigestible food from the body

Front 6

What are the two types of digestion?

Back 6

Physical or mechanical digestion and chemical digestion

Front 7

What is mechanical digestion?

Back 7

This is the process in which food is physically broken up into smaller pieces by the teeth and a churning movement of the alimentary canal

Front 8

What is chemical digestion?

Back 8

This is the process in which large food materials are broken down in the body to smaller molecules. It involves chemical changes of food molecules, and enzymes are used in the process.

Front 9

Name two groups of food which do not need to be digested.

Back 9

Simple sugars, vitamins, minerals, and water

Front 10

What does digestion change each of these kinds of food into: (a) polysaccharides (b) proteins, (c) fats?

Back 10

Polysaccharides- simple sugars
Proteins- amino acids
fats- fatty acids and glycerol

Front 11

Show how fats are broken down mechanically and chemically.

Back 11

Teeth break up fats inro smaller pieces. Bile salts break the large drops of fat to smaller ones. Fat molecules are broken down by the lipases into fatty acids and glycerol

Front 12

Show how proteins are broken down mechanically and chemically.

Back 12

Protein is broken up by teeth, then water from digestive juices dissolve proteins. Protein molecules are then broken down by proteases into polypeptides, and peptidases break down those into amino acids.

Front 13

Show how carbohydrates are broken down mech. and chem.

Back 13

Teeth break down carbohydrates to smaller pieces. Water from digestive juices dissolve pieces.Starch molecules are broken down by amylase into maltose. Maltase breaks down maltose into glucose molecules

Front 14

What are catalysts?

Back 14

These speed up chemical reactions and alter the rate of the chemical reaction without being changed itself.

Front 15

What are the catalysts in living organisms called?

Back 15

enzymes

Front 16

Where are digestive enzymes present in the body?

Back 16

Digestive juices

Front 17

What are digestive enzymes?

Back 17

Catalysts that speed up the breakdown of large molecules into smaller substances.

Front 18

What is the breakdown called when food is broken down

Back 18

Hydrolysis (because water is involved (lysis means splitting, and hydro means water)