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35 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
Evolution
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The process by which modern organisms have descended from ancient organisms biotch
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Fitness
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The combonation of physical traits and behaviors that helps organisms survive and reproduce in their enviorment
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Common Descent
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Idea that species have descended from common ancestors
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Adaptation
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process that enables organisms to become better suited to their enviorments.
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Fossils
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the preserved remains of ancient organisms
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Absolute Dating
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method of measuring rates of decay of radioactive materials to determine how long ago an event occured or an organism lived.
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Embryo
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Organism at an early stage of development.
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Epoch
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Interval of time in a geologic time scale.
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Era
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Largest interval of time in a geologic time scale.
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Fossil
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Preserved remains of evidence of an ancient organism.
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Fossil Record
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Collection of fossils that represents the preserved collective history of the Earths organisms.
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Geological Time Scale
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Record of the history of life determined by the positions of layers of rock.
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Half Life
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Length of time required for half of the radioactive atoms in a sample to decay.
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Homologous
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Description of choromosomes that occur in pairs; having a corresponding structure.
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Period
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Interval in a geologic time scale that is composed of epochs.
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Radioactive Element
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Unstable element that decays into a stable element at a steady rate.
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Relative Dating
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Technique used to determine the age of fossils by comparing them with other fossils in different layers of rock.
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Sedimentary Rock
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Rock that forms when grains of eroded rock and other materials are carried to the bottom of a body of water and build up under the pressure into layers.
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Vestigial Organ
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Structure that serves no useful purpose or function in an organism.
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Structure
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*still have to find out*
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Adaptive Radiation
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Process, also known as divergent evolution, in which one species gives rise to many species that appear different externally but are similar internally.
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Analogous Structures
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Structures that are similar in apperance and structure but have different origins and usually different internal structures.
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Artificial Selection
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Technique in which the intervention of humans allows only selected organisms to produce offspring.
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Convergent Evolution
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Phenomenom in which adaptive radiations among different organisms produce species that are similar in apperance and behavior; opposite of divergent evolution.
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Divergent Evolution
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Pattern of evolution, also known as adaptive radiation, in which one species gives rise to many species that appear different externallu but are similar internally.
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Equilibrium
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State in which no net change occurs.
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Gene Pool
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Common group of genes shared by members of a population
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Gradualism
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Theory that evolutionary change occurs slowly and gradually.
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Mass Extinction
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Phenomenom in which many species suddenly vanish
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Natural Selection
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Process in nature that results in the most fit organisms producing offspring.
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Niche
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Combination of an organisms habitat and it's role in that habitat.
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Population
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Collection of individuals of the same species in a given area whose members can breed with one another.
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Puncuated Equilbria
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Pattern of long stable periods interupted by brief periods of change.
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Relative Frequency
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Number of times an event (allele) occurs compared with the number of times another event (other alleles for the same gene) occurs.
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Reproductive Isolation
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Seperation of populations so that they do not interbreed to produce fertile off-spring.
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