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19 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Energy
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the ability to do work
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Thermodynamics
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is the study of the flow and transformation of energy in the universe
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Metabolism
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All of the chemical reactions in a cell are referred to as the cells ________
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Photosynthesis
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is the anabolic pathway in which light energy from the Sun is converted to chemical energy for the by the cell
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Cellular Respiration
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is the catabolic pathway in which organic molecules are broken down to release energy for use by the cell
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Adenosine triphosphate
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ATP is the most important biological molecule that provides chemical energy
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Thylakoids
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are flattened; saclike membranes that are arranged in stacks
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Grana
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the stacks in Thylakoids are called ______
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Stroma
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the second important compartment is called the ___; the fluid filled space that is outside the grana
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Pigments
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light absorbing colored molecules
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NADP+
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ferrodoxin transfers the electrons to the electron carrier
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Calvin cycle
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second phase of photosynthesis
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Rubisco
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final step of the Calvin cycle; enzyme
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Anaerobic processes
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do not require oxygen
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Aerobic respiration
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includes the Krebs cycle and electron transport
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Aerobic processes
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require oxygen
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Glycolysis
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glucose is broken down in the cytoplasm through the process of _____
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Krebs Cycle
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series of reactions in which pyruvate is broken down into carbon dioxide
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Fermentation
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occurs in the cytoplasm and regenerates the cell's supply of NAD+ while producing a small amount of ATP
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