• Shuffle
    Toggle On
    Toggle Off
  • Alphabetize
    Toggle On
    Toggle Off
  • Front First
    Toggle On
    Toggle Off
  • Both Sides
    Toggle On
    Toggle Off
  • Read
    Toggle On
    Toggle Off
Reading...
Front

Card Range To Study

through

image

Play button

image

Play button

image

Progress

1/43

Click to flip

Use LEFT and RIGHT arrow keys to navigate between flashcards;

Use UP and DOWN arrow keys to flip the card;

H to show hint;

A reads text to speech;

43 Cards in this Set

  • Front
  • Back

Parts of microscope

Revolving nose piece, objective lens, stage, diaphragm, base, body tube, power switch, eyepiece lens, arm, coarse adjustment knob, fine adjustment knob

Revolving nose piece

Revolves to switch to different objective lenses

Objective lens

Produce most of the microscope's magnification. Our microscopes have three objective lenses


low power - 4x


medium power - 10x


high power - 40x

Stage

Holds the slide and contains an opening that allows light to pass through the specimen on the way to the objective lens

Diaphram

Rotating dial that controls the passage of light through the stage. Numbers on the dial indicate the relative relative amount of light passing.

Base

Supports the microscope and contains light and other electronics

Body tube

Passes light from the head to the eyepiece

Power switch

Turns the light on and off

Eyepiece lens

Where you view the enlarged object. It further magnifies the specimen by 10x

Arm

Supports the lenses, mirrors, and body tube

Coarse adjustment knob

Moves the stage up and down quickly. It is used to find a specimen when using the low power objective.

Fine adjustment knob

Used to make small adjustments when on middle or high power

Detailed image of an object you would see under a microscope

http://www.arbopals.com/images/arbopedia/photosynthesis1-thumb.jpg

How to measure objects under under the microscope in mm and convert to µm

To measure objects under the microscope you first have to know how large your field of view is by measuring it with a clear ruler. Once you know that, you can compare the width of the object to the width of the field of view. To convert mm to µm, move the decimal to the right three times

The three parts to the cell theory

- all living things are made up of cells


- cells are the basic units of structure and function in living things


- new cels are produced from existing cells

Scientists' roles in the microscope and cell

Van Leeuwenhoek - first to describe living cells, calling them animalcules


Hooke - first to use the name cell, looked at cells in magnified cork


Schleiden - plants are made of cells


Schwann - animals are made of cells


Virchow - new cells are made from the division of existing cells

SEM vs TEM

SEM - scanning electron microscope, 3D images, shows surface features, but cells have to be put in a vacuum


TEM - transmission electron microscope, details inside the cell, but has to be a very thin layer to be looked at

Prokaryotes vs eukaryotes

Prokaryotes - smaller, more simple, do not enclose DNA inside of a nucleus; bacteria


Eukaryotes - larger, more complex, enclose DNA in a nucleus; human cells

Parts of a cell

cell membrane, cell wall, nuclear membrane, nucleoplasm, nucleolus, cytoplasm, endoplasmic reticulum, ribosomes, golgi body, mitochondria, vacuole

Cell membrane

Retains external structure, controls what goes into and out of the cell

Cell wall

Only in plant cells, provides support for the cell, retains cell shape

Nuclear membrane

Membrane around nucleus, separates nucleus from cytoplasm

Nucleoplasm

Substance inside of the nucleus

Nucleolus

Makes RNA inside of the nucleus

Cytoplasm

Substance that everything inside the cell is suspended in, site of reactions inside the cell

Endoplasmic reticulum

Transports proteins in ribosomes

Ribosomes

Site of protein synthesis

Golgi body

Makes final adjustments to proteins inside of ribosomes

Mitochondria

The powerhouse of the cell

Vacuole

Holds water and other things for the cell

Lysosome

Breaks down substances inside the cell

Centriole

Makes spindles fibers during cell division

Animal cell vs plant cell

Animal - no cell wall, centriole, smaller vacuoles, can move around


Plant - cell wall, no centrioles, one large vacuole, made to retain shape

Structures in prokaryotic cells

RNA, DNA, and ribosomes floating around inside of the cell membrane

Percentage of weight accounted for by water in a cell

70%

Components of phospholipid bilayer

Hydrophilic heads and hydrophobic tails

Cholesterol's role in plasma membrane

Identify the cell to other cells in the same bodyw

Active transport vs passive transport

Active - the cell has to let the thing in through a transport protein


Passive - things that automatically go through the membrane due to diffusioin

Direction water and solutes travel in hypertonic, hypotonic, and isotonic solution

...

Endocytosis vs exocytosis

...

How maintenance of a relatively stable internal environment is required for survival

Have to have the right amount of different chemicals in order to function properly

Cell specilization

Brain cells are used to store complex information, muscle cells are made to move, liver cells are made to break down toxins, etc.

Levels of organization beginning with organelles and ending with organism

Organelle


Cell


Tissue


Organ


Organ system


Organism