Biology Chapter 7

Front 1

what is a cell

Back 1

a basic unit of life

Front 2

what are the three statements that make up th cell theory

Back 2

1. all living things are made up of cells

2. cells are the basic unit of structure and function in living things

3. new cells are produced from existing cells

Front 3

how do microscope work

Back 3

they use lenses to magnify the image of an object by focusing light or electrons

Front 4

what features do all cells have

Back 4

dna and a cell membrane

Front 5

what is difference between prokaryotivc and eukaryoit cells

Back 5

pro do not seperate genetic material in nucleus and euk do

Front 6

What are the two major parts of the cell

Back 6

nucleus and cytoplasm

Front 7

what is the function of the mitochondria

Back 7

they convert chemical energy that is formed into compounds that cells can use

Front 8

why do u think it is important that cells membranes are selectively permissible.

Back 8

it is important because it will only allow substances that are helpful and not harmful get in

Front 9

cytoplasm

Back 9

portio of the cell outside the nucleus.

Front 10

organelles

Back 10

the structures that are inside the cell

Front 11

role of the nucleus

Back 11

control center o fthe cell contain most of the cells DNA has instructions for making proeins and other important molecules

Front 12

nuclear envelope

Back 12

allows a steady stream of proteins RNA and other molecules to mov throught the Nuclear pores of the cell

Front 13

chromosomes

Back 13

carry the cells genetic imformation

Front 14

Nucleolus

Back 14

where the assembly of ribosomes begin

Front 15

Vacuoles

Back 15

store materials like water salts proteins and carbohydrates

Front 16

Vesicles

Back 16

store and move material between cell organelles and to and from the cell surface

Front 17

Lysosomes

Back 17

break down lipids carbohydrates and proteins that are used by the rest of the cell they also break down organelles that outlive their usefulness

Front 18

cytoskeleton

Back 18

helps the cell maintain its shape and is involved in moving the entire cell

Front 19

micro filaments

Back 19

thread likes structure of protein called actine support the cell help the cell move

Front 20

centrioles

Back 20

located near the nucleus help organize cell division

Front 21

microtubules

Back 21

made up of protein tubulin help maintain cell shape and important in cell division to separate chromosomes

Front 22

what organelles help make and transfer proteins

Back 22

ribosomes

Front 23

ribosomes

Back 23

small particles of RNA and protein in the cytoplasm they produce proteins by following instructions from DNA

Front 24

endoplasmic reticulum

Back 24

lipids of the cell membrane are assembled and proteins ae exported from the cell

Front 25

what is the difference of Rough ER and smooth ER

Back 25

rough contains ribosomes and smooth does not

Front 26

Golgi apparatus

Back 26

modifies sorts and packages proteins of other materials from the ER for storage inside the cell or release outside the cell

Front 27

The process of making proteins

Back 27

1. proteins are assembled on ribosomes

2. proteins bound to the rough ER

3. proteins carried from Rough ER to Golgi apparatus in vesicles

4. Golgi apparatus sorts and packages them into membrane bound vesicles

5. vesicles ship proteins in or out of the cell

Front 28

chloroplast

Back 28

capture energy from sunlight convert into food in process called photosynthesis

Front 29

cell wall

Back 29

supports shapes and protects the cell

Front 30

do animal cells have cell walls

Back 30

no

Front 31

lipid bilayer

Back 31

part of the cell membrane that gives its the flexible structure and strong barrier between a cell and its surroundings

Front 32

cell membrane

Back 32

regulates what enters and leaves the cell and protects and supports the cell.

Front 33

store cleanup and support cell

Back 33

vacuoles lysosomes cytoskeleton centrioles

Front 34

build proteins

Back 34

ribosomes endoplasmic reticulum and Golgi apparatus

Front 35

capture and release energy

Back 35

chloroplast mitochondria

Front 36

cell boundaries

Back 36

cell wall cell membrane

Front 37

cell control center

Back 37

nucleus

Front 38

diffusion

Back 38

When particles move from high concentration to an are of low concentration

Front 39

passive transport

Back 39

the movement of materials across the cell membrane without using cell energy

Front 40

facilitated diffusion

Back 40

the process in which molecules cannot directly diffuse across the membrane and have to pass through special protein channels

Front 41

aquoporins

Back 41

water channel proteins that allow water to pass right through them

Front 42

Osmosis

Back 42

diffusion of water through a selectively permeable membrane

Front 43

difference between diffusion and osmosis

Back 43

osmosis is the diffusion of water not solutes

Front 44

isotonic

Back 44

when water and sugar concentrations are the same on both sides of the membrane

Front 45

hypertonic

Back 45

more concentrated sugar solution compared to the dilute sugar solution

Front 46

hypotonic

Back 46

the dilute sugar solution `

Front 47

active transport

Back 47

movement of materials against a concentration difference that requires energy