Biology Chapter 6

Front 1

atoms

Back 1

building block of matter

Front 2

element

Back 2

pure substance that cannot be broken down into other substances. This is made up of only one type of atom.

Front 3

isotopes

Back 3

atoms of the same element with different amount of neutrons.

Front 4

compound

Back 4

pure substance formed when two or more different elements combine

Front 5

molecule

Back 5

compound in which the atoms are held together by covalent bonds

Front 6

ion

Back 6

an atom that has lost or gained one or more electrons.

Front 7

ionic bond

Back 7

electrical attraction between two oppositely charged atoms or groups of atoms.

Front 8

van der waals force

Back 8

attraction between negative and positive molecules and it holds together.

Front 9

chemical reaction

Back 9

process by which atoms or groups of atoms in substances are reorganized into different substances.

Front 10

activation energy

Back 10

minimum amount of energy needed for reactants to form products.

Front 11

catalyst

Back 11

substance that lowers the activation energy to start a chemical reaction.

Front 12

enzymes

Back 12

biological catalysts that speed up the rate of chemical reactions.

Front 13

polar molecules

Back 13

molecules that have an unequal distribution of charges.

Front 14

hydrogen bond

Back 14

weak interaction involving a hydrogen atom and a fluorine, oxygen, or nitrogen atom.

Front 15

mixture

Back 15

combination of two or more substances in which each substance retains its individual characteristics and properties.

Front 16

solution

Back 16

mixture that has a uniform composition.

Front 17

solvent

Back 17

substances where another substances is dissolved

Front 18

solute

Back 18

substance dissolved in solvent.

Front 19

Macromolecules

Back 19

large molecules that are formed by joining smaller organic molecules together

Front 20

polymers

Back 20

molecules made from repeating units of identical or nearly identical compounds called monomers that are linked together by a series of covalent bonds.

Front 21

carbohydrates

Back 21

compounds composed of carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen in a ratio of one oxygen and two hydrogen atoms for each carbon atom.

Front 22

Phospholipid

Back 22

Special lipid responsible for the structure and function of the cell membrane.

Front 23

protein

Back 23

compound made of small carbon compounds called amino acids

Front 24

amino acids

Back 24

small compounds that are made of carbon nitrogen oxygen hydrogen and sometimes sulfur.

Front 25

Nucleic acids

Back 25

complex macromolecules that store and transmit genetic information.

Front 26

nucleotides

Back 26

nucleic acids are made of smaller repeating subunits composed of carbon, nitrogen, oxygen, phosphorus, and hydrogen atoms.