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19 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Gene
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A piece of DNA that provides a set of instructions to a cell to make a certain protien
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Allele
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Any of the alternative forms of a gene that may occur at a specific locus
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Homozygous
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Alleles that are identical to each other
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Heterozygous
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Alleles that are different from each other
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Human Genome Project
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Goal was to find out the sequence of the 3 billion nucleotide pairs that make up a human genome
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Genome
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All of an organisms genetic material
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Genotype
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Genetic make up of a specific set of genes
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Phenotype
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Collection of physical characteristics
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Dominant
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Allele is expressed when 2 different alleles are present
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Recessive
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Allele is expressed when only 2 copies are present
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R.C. Punnett
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Made up punnett square, a poultry geneticist
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Punnett Square
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Grid system for predicting all possiable genotypes resulting from a cross
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Monohybird
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Crosses that examine the inheritance of only one specific trait
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Test Cross
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A cross between an organism with an unknown genotype and an organism with the recessive phenotype
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Dihybrid crosses
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Crosses that examine the inheritance of two different traits
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Laws of independent assortment
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States that allele pairs separate independently of each other during gamete formation or meiosis
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Probability
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Likelihood that a particular event will happen
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Crossing over
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The exchange of a chromosomes segments between homologous chromosomes during prophase 1 of meiosis
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Genetic linkage
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Genes located close together tend to be inherited together
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