Biology Chapter 5

Front 1

passive transport

Back 1

the movement of substances across the cell membrane without the use of energy by the cell

Front 2

diffusion

Back 2

the movement of particles from regions of higher density to refions of lower density

Front 3

concentration gradient

Back 3

a difference in the concebtration of a substance across a distance

Front 4

equilibrium

Back 4

i biology a state that exists when the concentration of a substance is the smae throughout a space

Front 5

osmosis

Back 5

the diffision of water or another solcvent froma more diflute soluriom of a solute to amore concentrated solution of the solute through a membrane that is permeable to the solvent

Front 6

hypotonic

Back 6

describes a solution whose solute concentration is lower than the solute concentrarion inside a cell

Front 7

hypertonic

Back 7

describes a solurion whos solute concentrartion is higher than the soure concentration inside a cell

Front 8

isotonic

Back 8

describes a solution whose solulte concentration is equal to the solute concentration inside the cell

Front 9

contractile vacuole

Back 9

in protists an organelle that accumulates water and then releases it periodicaly to maintain osmotic pressure

Front 10

turgor pressure

Back 10

the pressure that is exerted on the inside od cell walls and that is caused by the movement of water into the cell

Front 11

plasmolysis

Back 11

the contraction of shrinking of the cell membvrane of a plant cell in a hypertonic solution in response to the loss of water by osmosis

Front 12

cytolysis

Back 12

the bursting of a cell

Front 13

facilitated diffusion

Back 13

the transport of substances through a cell membrane along a concentration gradient with the aid of carrier proteins

Front 14

carrier protein

Back 14

a protein that transports substances across a cell membrane

Front 15

ion channel

Back 15

a complex of protein molecules in a cell membrane that form a pore through which ions can pass