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43 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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What are the inner folds of mitochondria called? |
Cristae |
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What are the functions of peroxisomes? |
Breakdown of fatty acids, like alcohol. Help with metabolism. |
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What is the function of the nucleus? |
Make DNA and RNA. |
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What is the function of the nucleolus? |
Make ribosomes |
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What is the function of ribosomes? |
Make polypeptides (soon to be protein) |
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Function of the Rough ER |
Makes proteins |
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Functions of the Smooth ER |
makes lipids, calcium storage |
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Functions of the Golgi Apparatus |
Acts as a receiving dock and a shipping dock. As products go through the Golgi they are modified |
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Functions of lysosomes |
Sac of digestive enzymes that digest food, and get rid of waste, break down bacteria |
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Functions of mitochondria |
Makes energy in the form of ATP |
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Function of chloroplasts |
Photosynthesis (converts light energy to chemical sugar energy) |
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Function of Cytoskeleton (cilia, flagella, and centrioles in animal cells) |
Maintain cell shape, cell movement, transmissions of signals from the exterior of the cell to the interior |
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Function of the Extracellular Matrix (in animals) |
Binds cells together and protects the plasma membrane |
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Functions of cell junctions |
communication between cells, and binds cells together. |
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Functions of cell wall (plants) |
Maintain cell shape, support, protect |
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What is the overview for this chapter? |
Cells are made up of organelles which are used to manufacture, break down, and get energy from substances, support, and move the cell, communicate between cells. |
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Robert Hooke |
Named cells after the tiny rooms in monestaries |
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Antoni Van Leeuwenhoek |
Saw that cells could move |
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What do hair cells require a lot of? |
Ribosomes. hair oil is made by the smooth ER |
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What ships, folds, and rearranges amino acids/ |
Golgi, DOES NOT PUT TOGETHER, RIBOSOMES DO!!!!!! |
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Function of contractile vacuole |
Get rid of water in a cell (plants usually) |
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Endosymbiosis |
When a smaller cill lives in a bigger cell and they both benefit from it |
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Cilia are |
larger in quantity and smaller in size |
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There are no nucleic acids in the |
ECM |
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What are the 3 junctions? |
Tight- watertight Gap- Communication Anchoring- holds together (muscle and skin) |
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Anchoring junctions are also called ... |
desmosomes |
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Being small allows cells to... |
have a more favorable surface area to volume ratio (what their goal is) |
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What are not found in plant cells? |
Lysosomes and centrioles |
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What are not found in animal cells? |
Cell walls, chloroplasts, and central vacuole |
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Free ribosomes are... |
suspended in the cytoplasm |
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Bound ribosomes are... |
attached to the rough ER |
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Vacuoles |
are small membrane segments that transfer info between organelles |
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Pigment vacuoles in plants |
make flowers colored |
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Central vacuoles..... |
use pressure to help the cell stay firm |
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Cellular respiration occurs in |
the mitochondria |
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Two important fibers of the cytoskeleton are |
Microfilament (rope) (made of actin) Microtubules (made of tubulin) |
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Cells that sweep mucus out of our lungs have |
Cilia |
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Animal sperm has |
Flagella for movement |
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A group of chemicals that ruin sperm quality |
Phthalates |
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Genetic examples why sperm quality might be bad: |
PCD |
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ECM makes... |
collagen (makes skin tight) and protects the plasma membrane. |
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Integrins |
integrate signals and messages on the membrane |
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All living things require |
proteins |
