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38 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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______is the ability to do work.
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ENERGY
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Energy out reactions
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excergoinic
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energy in reactions
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endergonic
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excergonic reactions occur when the ________have more energy than the _______
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reactants products
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endergonic reactions occur when the ______ have more energy than the ________
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products reactants
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excergonic reactions _______ energy
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release
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endergonic reactions _______ energy
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release
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excergonic reactions will continue by themselves, but need ______ ______ to get them started.
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kinetic energy
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_________ reactions are an input of energy
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endergonic
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cells use _____ to regulate chemical reactions
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enzymes
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catalysts speed up reactions by reducing _________ energy
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activation
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catalysts are not ________ in reactions.
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consumed
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________ are biological catalysts
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enzymes
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enzymes, unlike catalysts are usually very ________.
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specific
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enzyme activity is ________.
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regulated
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enzymes are ________ with a complex 3-dimensional shapes, including an ________(2 wrds) where __________ can enter
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proteins
active site substrates |
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what is a BIOLOGICAL CATALYST, what is the role of an ACTIVE SITE?
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Makes reactions go faster, that breaks down a single substrate or joins together two or more. This all occurs at the ACTIVE SITE.
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what is CATABOLISM?
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uses one substrate in digestion, excergonic reaction
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what is ANABOLIC?
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more than one substrate, photosynthesis, endergonic reactions.
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what is the lock and key model of enzyme action.
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substrates (lock) are attracted o enzymes(key) that have the same shape.
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what is the induced fit model of enzyme action?
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where the enzyme changes shape slightly to fit inside the substrate.
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what are two factors that could cause enzyme denaturation?
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too much heat, extrem basic or acidic
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ehat is a general role of cofactors?
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to control or help the enzyme
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enzymes are ________ with a complex 3-dimensional shapes, including an ________(2 wrds) where __________ can enter
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proteins
active site substrates |
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what is a BIOLOGICAL CATALYST, what is the role of an ACTIVE SITE?
|
Makes reactions go faster, that breaks down a single substrate or joins together two or more. This all occurs at the ACTIVE SITE.
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what is CATABOLISM?
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uses one substrate in digestion, excergonic reaction
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what is ANABOLIC?
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more than one substrate, photosynthesis, endergonic reactions.
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what is the lock and key model of enzyme action.
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substrates (lock) are attracted o enzymes(key) that have the same shape.
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what is the induced fit model of enzyme action?
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where the enzyme changes shape slightly to fit inside the substrate.
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what are two factors that could cause enzyme denaturation?
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too much heat, extrem basic or acidic
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ehat is a general role of cofactors?
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to control or help the enzyme
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list four heavy metals that are toxic to humans
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cadmium, lead, mercury, arsenic
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why are these heavy metals toxic?
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they bond permanatly to the active sitr and destroy their catalytic properties.
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name a common poison that is an enzyme inhibitor.
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nerve gas, insecticide, pestacide.
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what is the difference between competitive and non competitive inhibition
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COMPETITIVE: competes for the active site.
NON COMPETITIVE: slows down the reaction. |
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what is an allosteric inhibitor
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an inhibitor that blocks the active site all together
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what are the two types of enzymes that can be produced by man?
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extracellular enxymes and intracellular enzymes
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what is one benefit of using a cell-free enzyme to produce a high-value end-product?
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the enzyme may be washed away after use.
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