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34 Cards in this Set

  • Front
  • Back
vertebrae
bones of cartilage that surround the dorsal nerve cord and form the spine
cranium
skull that protects the brain
gill arches
skeletal elements that support the pharynx.
probably evolved into jaws
chemoreception
ability to detect chemicals in the environment
barbels
whiskerlike organs near the mouth
lateral line
organ made up of system of canals that senses vibrations in the water
ampullae of Lorenzini
sense organs of cartilaginous fishes that detect weak electrical fields
external fertilization
fertilization that occurs outside the body of either parent
cartilage
flexible, lightweight material made of cells surrounded by tough fibers of protein
placoid scales
small, toothlike spines that feel like sandpaper
gill rakers
slender projections in the inner surface of shark gills that filter the water
chimaeras
ratfishes
internal fertilization
fertilization that occurs inside the body (usually female)
urea
some cartilaginous fishes convert ammonia into this compound, which is much less toxic
rectal gland
removes excess sodium and chloride ions in cartilaginous fishes
fusiform
smooth, torpedo shaped body that sharks have
swim bladder
gas filled sac used to control buoyancy
scales
cover a fish's body. protect it and reduce friction when swimming
lobe-finned fishes
fish with fleshy fins supported by a series of bones
ray-finned fishes
fish with fins that are supported by long, segmented, flexible rays
rays
long, segmented, flexible bony elements that probably evolved from scales
liver
located near the stomach, secretes bile
gallbladder
stores bile and releases it into the intestine
pancreas
releases digestive enzymes into the intestine
sinus venosus
chamber that collects deoxygenated blood
conus arteriosus
thickened, muscular part of the main artery leaving the heart
gill filaments
double row of thin projections on each gill
countercurrent flow
arrangement in which water flows across the gill filaments in the direction opposite to blood flow
cerebrum
integrates information from other parts of the brain
operculum
hard plate that opens at the rear and covers / protects the gills
optic tectum
receives and processes information from the fish's visual, auditory, and lateral line divisions
cerebellum
part of the brain that helps coordinate muscles, movement, and balance
medulla oblongata
part of the brain that controls some body functions & acts as a relay station
spawning
fish reproductive behaviors