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22 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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polar molecule
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opposite ends of the molecule have opposite charges
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cohesion
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the binding together of like molecules
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adhesion
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the attraction between different kinds of molecules
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surface tension
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measure of how difficult it is to stretch or break the surface of a liquid
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kinetic energy
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energy of motion
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heat
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measure of the total amount of kinetic energy due to molecular motion in a body of matter
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heat of vaporization
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the quantity of heat a liquid must absorb for 1 g of it to be converted from the liquid to the gaseous state
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evaporative cooling
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the property of a liquid whereby the surface becomes cooler during evaporation, owing to a loss of highly kinetic molecules to the gaseous state
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solution
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a liquid that is a completely homogeneous mixture of two or more substances
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solvent
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the dissolving agent of a solution
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solute
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substance dissolved in a solution
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aqueous solution
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solution in which water is the solvent
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hydration shell
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sphere of water molecules around each dissolved ion
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hydrophilic
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having an affinity for water
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colloid
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a stable suspension of fine particles in a liquid
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hydrophobic
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having an aversion to water; tending to coalesce and form droplets in water
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molecular mass
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sum of the masses of all the atoms in a molecule
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molarity
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number of moles of solute per liter of solution; the unit of concentration most often used by biologists for aqueous solutions
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hydrogen ion
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a single proton with a charge of 1+
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hydroxide ion
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water molecule that has lost a proton; OH-
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acid
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substance that increases the hydrogen ion concentration of a solution
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buffer
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a substance that consists of acid and base forms in a solution and that minimizes changes in pH when extraneous acids or bases are added to the solution
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