Biology Chapter 3 (Notes)

Front 1

Organic Compounds

Back 1

Made up of carbon. Macromolecules are organic compounds.

Front 2

Carbon

Back 2

Has 6 electrons, 4 on its outer shell. Carbon usually bonds with C,H,O to make big organic molecules.

Front 3

Macromolecules

Back 3

1. Proteins
2. Lipids
3. Carbohydrates
4. Nucleic Acids

Front 4

Dehydration Synthesis (Condensation Reaction)

Back 4

How macromolecules are formed. Take away H2O to build.

Front 5

Polymer

Back 5

2 or more molecules are joined.

Front 6

Hydrolosis

Back 6

How we break down molecules. Water is added to break apart a molecule

Front 7

Carbohydrates

Back 7

Small sugar molecules combined into one polymer called a polysaccharide.

Front 8

Monosaccharide

Back 8

The building blocks of carbohydrates

Front 9

Dissacharide

Back 9

2 sugar molecules

Front 10

Polysaccharide

Back 10

More than 2 sugar molecules

Front 11

Functions of Carbohydrates

Back 11

1. Stores energy
2. Quick energy
3. Structure energy

Front 12

Proteins

Back 12

Polypeptides. Made up of C,O,H.

Front 13

Monomers

Back 13

Building blocks of proteins. Combine to make polymers.

Front 14

Amino Acids

Back 14

20 amino acids. Living things need all of them. R, Amine, Carboxyl.

Front 15

Functions of Proteins

Back 15

1. Enzymes/Cellular
2. Storage
3. Transport
4. Movement
5. Structural
6. Hormones

Front 16

Lipids

Back 16

Compounds that are not soluble in water. Store more energy than carbs.

Front 17

Types of Lipids

Back 17

1. Phospholipids
2. Waxes
3. Sex hormones
4. Fats/oils

Front 18

Structure of Lipids

Back 18

Triglycerides are made up of 1 glycerol and 3 fatty acids.

Front 19

Functions of Lipids

Back 19

1. Insulation from cold
2. Protein from physical shock
3. Chemical messengers
4. Makes up cell membranes

Front 20

Nucleic Acids

Back 20

RNA/DNA
Instructions for life, and transfers info. RNA can sometimes be an enzyme.

Front 21

Nucleotides

Back 21

Building blocks of nucleic acids

Front 22

Saturated

Back 22

Have single bonds
Saturated with hydrogen

Front 23

Unsaturated

Back 23

Have double bonds
Not saturated with hydrogen