Biology Chapter 2 Notes

Front 1

Atoms

Back 1

Basic building block of matter

Front 2

Democritus

Back 2

First person to use atom as a word

Front 3

Protons

Back 3

P+ charge is positive located in the nucleus

Front 4

Netrons

Back 4

N charge is neutral located in nucleus

Front 5

Electron

Back 5

E- charge is negative located in the electron clous

Front 6

Nucleus

Back 6

Center of an atom

Front 7

Electron Shells

Back 7

Holds the electrons

Front 8

Element

Back 8

Group of similar atoms that are grouped together

Front 9

Atomic weight

Back 9

Total number of protons and neutrons

Front 10

Atomic Number

Back 10

Number of protons in an arom

Front 11

Chemical Symbols

Back 11

The abriviation of an elements name

Front 12

Isotopes

Back 12

Atoms with the same number of protons but a different number of neutrons

Front 13

Molecules

Back 13

Smallest part of a compound

Front 14

Compounds

Back 14

Two or more substances that are chemically combined

Front 15

Chemical Formulas

Back 15

The abriviation for a compounds name

Front 16

Chemical Reactions

Back 16

Changing one set of chemicals into a different set of chemicals that you start with

Front 17

Reactants

Back 17

The substance that you start with

Front 18

Products

Back 18

What you end up with

Front 19

Exothermic

Back 19

Giving heat off (Break Bonds)

Front 20

Endothermic

Back 20

Take in energy (Make Bonds)

Front 21

Activation Energy

Back 21

The energy needed to start a reaction

Front 22

Catalyst

Back 22

Speed up a chemical reaction

Front 23

Enzymes

Back 23

Natural Catalyst- tend to be proteins

Front 24

Inhibitor

Back 24

Slow down chemical reactions

Front 25

Chemical Bonds

Back 25

Two or more substances chemical combines

Front 26

Ionic

Back 26

Gain/ Lose electrons Ex: Na Cl

Front 27

Covalent

Back 27

Sharing electrons Ex H2O

Front 28

Cohesion

Back 28

Water to water

Front 29

Adhesion

Back 29

Water attracted to other things

Front 30

Solutions

Back 30

Clear mixtures

Front 31

Solutes

Back 31

Gas or Solid Dissolved

Front 32

Solvents

Back 32

Liquid Part

Front 33

Mixtures

Back 33

Two substances that are physically combined

Front 34

Homogenous

Back 34

Same - They tend to be clear

Front 35

Heterogeneous

Back 35

Different- They tend to have color

Front 36

Suspensions

Back 36

They DO settle

Front 37

Colloids

Back 37

Do NOT settle

Front 38

Organic Chemistry

Back 38

Studies carbon to a hydrogen bond

Front 39

Monomers

Back 39

Single unit of a substance

Front 40

Polymers

Back 40

Chain of single units working together

Front 41

Lipids

Back 41

Fats, Oils, and Waxes

Front 42

DNA

Back 42

Genetic Makeup

Front 43

RNA

Back 43

Protein Production

Front 44

Proteins

Back 44

Build body tissues/ repairs

Front 45

SUGARS

Back 45

Basic building block of carbohydrates

Front 46

DNA

Back 46

Basic building block nucleic acids

Front 47

AMINO Aids

Back 47

Basic building block of proteins