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28 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Biodiversity
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The variety of organisms considered at all levels from populations to ecosystmes
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Taxonomy
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the science of describing, naming, and classifying organisms
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taxon
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any particular group within a taxonomic system
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kingdom
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made up of only 2 kingdoms (animal and plants)
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domains
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categories above the kingdom level
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phyla
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subsets below the kingdom level
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classes
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each phylum consists of classes
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orders
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each class contains orders
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family & genus
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smaller groupings
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species
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the smallest grouping which contains only a single kind of organism
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binomial nomenclature
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the system of two-part names
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subspecies
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variations of a species that live in different geographic areas
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systematics
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the goal is to classify organisms in terms of their natural relationships
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phylogentics
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the analysis of the evolutionary or ancestral relationships among taxa
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phylogentic diagram
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a way systematists represent their hypothesis
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cladistics
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a system of phylogentic analysis that uses shared and derived characters as the only criteria for grouping taxa
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shared character
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a feature that all memebers of a group have in common, such as hair in mammals or feathers in birds
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derived character
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a feature that evolved only within the group under consideration; for example, feathers are thought to be a derived character for birds
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cladograms
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phylogentic diagrams
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bacteria
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this domain is made up of small, single-celled prokaryotic organisms that usually have a cell wall and reproduce by cellular fission
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archaea
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this domain consists of prokaryotes and have distinctive cell membranes and other unique biochemical and genetic properties
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eukarya
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the most familiar groups of organisms that consist of eukaryotic organisms
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eubacteria
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this kingdom aligns with the bacteria domain
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archaebacteria
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this kingdom aligns with the archaea domain
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protista
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one of the four kingdoms of eukaryotes and has been defined as those eukaryotes that are not plants, animals, or fungi
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fungi
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the second kingdom of eukaryotes that consists of eukaryotic, heterotrophic organisms that are unicellular or multicellular and that gain nutrients in a unique way
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plantae
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the third kingdom of eukaryotes which consists of eukarytoic, multicellular plants
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animalia
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the fourth kingdom of eukaryotes and are eukaryotic, multicellular, and heterotrophic organisms that develop from embryos
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