Biology Chapter 13 Practice Questions

Front 1

1. Genetic change in a population over time defines?

Back 1

Evolution

Front 2

2. In 1785, the theory of uniformitarianism was proposed by?

Back 2

James Hutton

Front 3

3. The scientist who was the first to recognize the principle of superposition was?

Back 3

George Cuvier

Front 4

4. The French taxonomist, who in 1809 was the first scientist to suggest that organisms that use one part of their body repeatedly would increase their abilities, was?

Back 4

Jean Lamarck

Front 5

5. The geologist who, in 1830, renewed the idea of uniformitarianism by showing that gradual changes in some organisms could be represented in successive fossil layers was:

Back 5

Charles Lyell

Front 6

6. The scientist who published "On the Origin of Species by Means of Natural Selection" in 1859 was?

Back 6

Charles Darwin

Front 7

7. Most of the notes and samples that would serve as the seed of Darwin's theory of evolution by natural selection were obtained during a month-long stay at?

Back 7

The Galapogos Islands

Front 8

8.A gradual change from an ancestral type was referred to by Darwin as?

Back 8

Descent with Modification

Front 9

9. According to Darwin, natural selection usually?

Back 9

-Preserves favorable variations in a population
-Rejects harmful variations in a population

Front 10

10. The relatively short term changes in allele frequencies within a species or population is:

Back 10

Microevolution

Front 11

11. What are the observations of nature made by Darwin?

Back 11

-Organisms are varied and some variations are inherited
-More individuals of a population are born than survive to reproduce
-Individuals compete with one another for limited resources that enable them to survive

Front 12

12. The entire collection of genes and their alleles is a population's?

Back 12

Gene Pool

Front 13

13.The mode of natural selection in which one extreme phenotype is fittest and the environment selects against the others is?

Back 13

Directive selection

Front 14

14. The mode of natural selection in which two or more extreme phenotypes are fitter than the intermediate phenotype is

Back 14

Disruptive selection

Front 15

15.The mode of natural selection in which extreme phenotypes are less fit than the optimal intermediate phenotype is

Back 15

Stabilizing selection

Front 16

16. The three types of natural selection are?

Back 16

Directive selection, disruptive selection and stabilizing selection

Front 17

17. Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium occurs only in populations that meet which of the following requirements?

Back 17

-Mutations do not occur
-Individuals mate at random
-Natural selection does not occur

Front 18

18. Alleles conferring red plumage to cardinal males are common because?

Back 18

Of sexual selection
&
Red plumage is preferred by female cardinals in regards to choosing a mate

Front 19

19.The percentage of Amish people having Ellis-van Creveld syndrome is unusually high because the Amish

Back 19

tend to marry amongst each other

Front 20

20. The bottleneck effect?

Back 20

Is one cause of genetic drift
&
Occurs when many members of a population die, resulting in a great loss of genetic diversity

Front 21

21. True/ False?
Evolution does answer the question as to how life originally began?

Back 21

False

Front 22

22. True/ False
Artificial selection is responsible for many breeds of dogs and cats

Back 22

True

Front 23

23. True/ False
Darwin believed that because of "differential reproductive success" a population would change over time

Back 23

True

Front 24

24. True/ False
Evolution occurs in populations, not individuals.

Back 24

True

Front 25

25. True/ False
In an evolutionary sense, "fitness" refers to an organism's contribution to the next generation's gene pool.

Back 25

True

Front 26

26. Natural populations usually fulfill the conditions needed for Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium.

Back 26

False