Reading...
Play button
Play button
Use LEFT and RIGHT arrow keys to navigate between flashcards;
Use UP and DOWN arrow keys to flip the card;
H to show hint;
A reads text to speech;
20 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
|
transformation
|
process in which one strain of bacteria is changed by a gene or genes from another strain of bacteria
|
|
|
bacteriophage
|
"bacteria eater"; virus that infects bacteria
|
|
|
nucleotides
|
momomer of nucleic acids make up of a 5-carbon sugar, a phosphate group, and a nitrogenous base
|
|
|
base pairing
|
principal that bonds in DNA can form only between adenine and thymine and between guanine and cytosine
|
|
|
chromatin
|
grandular material visible within the nucleus; consists of DNA tightly coiled around proteins
|
|
|
histone
|
protein molecule around which DNA is tightly coiled in chromitin
|
|
|
replication
|
copying process by which a cell duplicates its DNA
|
|
|
DNA polymerase
|
enzyme involved in DNA replication that joins individual nucleotides to produce a DNA molecule
|
|
|
gene
|
sequence of DNA that codes for a protein and thus determines a trait
|
|
|
messenger RNA
|
(mRNA); RNA molecule that carries copies of instructions for the assembly of amino acids into proteins from DNA to the rests of the cell
|
|
|
ribosomal RNA
|
(rRNA);type of RNA that makes up the major part of ribosomes
|
|
|
transfer RNA
|
(tRNA); type of RNA molecule that transfers amino acids to ribosomes during protein synthesis
|
|
|
transcription
|
process in which part of the nucleotide sequence of DNA is copiesd into a complentary sequence in RNA
|
|
|
RNA polymerase
|
enzyme similar to DNA polyerase that binds to DNA and separates the DNA strands during transcription
|
|
|
promotor
|
region of DNA that indicates to an enzyme where to bind to make RNA
|
|
|
intron
|
sequence of DNA that is not involved in coding for a protein
|
|
|
exon
|
expressed sequence of DNA; codes for a protein
|
|
|
codon
|
three-nucleotide sequence on messenger RNA that codes for a single amino acid
|
|
|
translation
|
decoding of mRNA message into a polypeptide chain
|
|
|
anticodon
|
group of 3 bases on a tRNA molecule that are complementary to an mRNA codon
|
