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18 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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central nervous system
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brain and spinal cord
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brain
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integrates and coordinates virtually all functions of the body
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cerebellum
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movement, coordination, balance
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brain stem
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heart rate, breathing, blood pressure
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diencephalon
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contains thalamus and hypothalamus, regulates homeostatic functions
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cerebrum
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intelligence, learning, perception, emotion
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peripheral nervous system
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all nervous tissue outside CNS, transmits signals from CNS to rest of the body
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neurons
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specialized cells that generate electrical signals in the form of action potentials
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cell body
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parts of neuron that contains most cell organelles
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axon
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conduct action potentials away from cell body toward axon terminal
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dendrites
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branched extensions from cell body, receive incoming information
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axon terminal
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tip of axon, communicates with next cell in pathway
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myelin sheath
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coats and insulates neuron, facilitates rapid conduction of action potentials, prevents leakage
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sensory neurons
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convey information from both outside and inside the body to the CNS
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motor neurons
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control contraction of skeletal muscle, CNS to muscles
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neurotransmitter
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chemical signaling molecule released by neuron, transmits signal to neighboring cell
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synapse
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site of transmission of signal from neuron to other cell
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dopamine
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neurotransmitter involved with sense of pleasure
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