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24 Cards in this Set

  • Front
  • Back
  • 3rd side (hint)
How many homologous pairs of chromosomes are in humans?
22 homologous pairs + 2 sex chromosomes
2 part answer
What happens before meiosis takes place?
dna is copied
what is the first stage of meiosis? what happens?
prophase-copied dna is coiled in chromosomes
what is the 2nd stage of meiosis?
metaphase-chromosomes line up along the midline of the dividing cell
law stating that pairs of genes separate in meiosis and each gamete receives one gene of a pair
law of segregation
type of RNA that carries genetic information from the nucleus to the ribosomes and is RNA nucleotides in the form of a single uncoiled chain
mRNA
nucleic acid made up of repeating nucleotides
RNA
organic compound composed of onen or more chains of polypeptides which in turn are formed from amino acids
proteins
important class of catalysts in living things
enzymes
organic compound present in the cells of all living things and a major organic nutrient for humans
carbs
hereditary info in the form of a large molecule
DNA
enzyme that separates DNA strands before replication
helicases
monomer of DNA and RNA consistingn of nitrogen base, a sugar, and a phosphate group
nucleotide
the four nitrogen containing bases
adenine-guanine-thymine-cytosine (guanine and cytosine, adenine and thymine)
who suggested model for dna (double helix) ?
Watson and Crick
the nitrogen bases for RNA
uracil-thymine-guanine-cytosine
type of RNA found in ribosomes, most abundant, RNA nucleotides in globular form
ribosomal RNA
type of RNA that carries amino acids from the cytoplasm to ribosomes, made up of nucleotides folded into a hair pin shape
transfer RNA (tRNA)
organic molecule w/ double ring of carbon and nitrogen atoms
purine
organic molecule w/ single ring of carbon and nitrogen (thymine and cytosine)
pyrimidines
rule stating that in DNA, cytosine pairs w/ guanine and adenine pairs w/ thymine and in RNA, adenine pairs w/ uracil
base-pairing rules
enzyme that binds to the separated strands of DNA and assembles each strand's complement in replication
DNA polymerase
each combo of three mRNA nucleotides
codon
region of tRNA consisting of three bases complementary to the codon of mRNA
anticodon