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24 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
- 3rd side (hint)
How many homologous pairs of chromosomes are in humans?
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22 homologous pairs + 2 sex chromosomes
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2 part answer
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What happens before meiosis takes place?
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dna is copied
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what is the first stage of meiosis? what happens?
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prophase-copied dna is coiled in chromosomes
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what is the 2nd stage of meiosis?
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metaphase-chromosomes line up along the midline of the dividing cell
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law stating that pairs of genes separate in meiosis and each gamete receives one gene of a pair
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law of segregation
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type of RNA that carries genetic information from the nucleus to the ribosomes and is RNA nucleotides in the form of a single uncoiled chain
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mRNA
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nucleic acid made up of repeating nucleotides
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RNA
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organic compound composed of onen or more chains of polypeptides which in turn are formed from amino acids
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proteins
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important class of catalysts in living things
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enzymes
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organic compound present in the cells of all living things and a major organic nutrient for humans
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carbs
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hereditary info in the form of a large molecule
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DNA
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enzyme that separates DNA strands before replication
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helicases
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monomer of DNA and RNA consistingn of nitrogen base, a sugar, and a phosphate group
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nucleotide
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the four nitrogen containing bases
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adenine-guanine-thymine-cytosine (guanine and cytosine, adenine and thymine)
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who suggested model for dna (double helix) ?
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Watson and Crick
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the nitrogen bases for RNA
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uracil-thymine-guanine-cytosine
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type of RNA found in ribosomes, most abundant, RNA nucleotides in globular form
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ribosomal RNA
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type of RNA that carries amino acids from the cytoplasm to ribosomes, made up of nucleotides folded into a hair pin shape
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transfer RNA (tRNA)
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organic molecule w/ double ring of carbon and nitrogen atoms
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purine
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organic molecule w/ single ring of carbon and nitrogen (thymine and cytosine)
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pyrimidines
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rule stating that in DNA, cytosine pairs w/ guanine and adenine pairs w/ thymine and in RNA, adenine pairs w/ uracil
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base-pairing rules
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enzyme that binds to the separated strands of DNA and assembles each strand's complement in replication
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DNA polymerase
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each combo of three mRNA nucleotides
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codon
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region of tRNA consisting of three bases complementary to the codon of mRNA
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anticodon
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