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27 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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PHOSPHOLIPID
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-HAS A HYDROPHILIC HEAD
-HAS TWO HYDROPHOBIC TAILS |
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TRANSPORT
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-PROCESS THAT REQUIRES ENERGY TO MOVE SOLUTES AGAINST A CONCENTRATION GRADIENT
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RECEPTOR
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A protein that binds selectively to a specific molecule (such as an inter cellular mediator or antigen) and initiates a biological response
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SOLUTE
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DISSOLVED IN ANOTHER SUBSTANCE
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SOLVENT
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A LIQUID THAT DISSOLVES SOLID, LIQUID, OR GASEOUS
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HYPERTONIC
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IN COMPARING TWO SOLUTIONS, REFERS TO THE ONE WITH A GREATER SOLUTE CONCENTRATOIN
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HYPOTONIC
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IN COMPARING TWO SOLUTIONS, THE ONE WITH A LOWER SOLUTE CONCENTRATION
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ISOTONIC
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HAVING THE SAME SOLUTE CONCENTRATION AS ANOTHER SOLUTION
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FIRST LAW OF THERMODYNAMICS
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THE PRINCIPAL OF CONSERVATION OF ENERGY
- ENERGY CAN BE TRANSFERRED AND TRANSFORMED, BUT IT CANNOT BE CREATED OR DESTROYED |
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SECOND LAW OF THERMODYANMICS
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THE PRINCIPLE WHEREBY EVERY ENERGY TRANSFER OR TRANSFORMATION INCREASES THE ENTROPY OF THE UNIVERSE
ORDERED FORMS OF ENERGY ARE AT LEAST PARTLY CONVERTED TO HEAT & IN SPONTANEOUS REACTIONS, THE FREE ENERGY OF THE SYSTEM ALSO DECREASES |
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POTENTIAL ENERGY
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THE ENERGY STORED BY MATTER AS A RESULT OF ITS LOCATION OR SPATIAL ARRANGMENT
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KINETIC ENERGY
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THE ENERGY OF MOTION, WHICH IS DIRECTLY RELATED TO THE SPEED OF THAT MOTION
MOVING MATTER DOES WORK BY IMPARTING MOTION TO OTHER MATTER |
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METABOLISM
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THE SUM OF ALL THE BIOCHEMICAL REACTIONS THAT TAKE PLACE WITHIN CELLS
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CATALYST
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SUBSTANCES THAT INCREASE THE RATE OF A CHEMICAL REACTION WITHOUT BEING PERMANENTLY CHANGED THEMSELVES
CAN BE USED OVER AND OVER TO SPEED UP THE SAME REACTION ATTRACTS CHEMICAL REACTANTS TO SURFACE WHERE THEY TEMP. BIND |
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ENERGY OF ACTIVATION
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THE AMOUNT OF ENERGY THAT REACTANTS MUST ABSORB BEFORE A CHEMICAL REACTION WILL START
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ENZYME
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- A PROTEIN SERVING AS A BIOLOGICAL CATALYST
-A CHEMICAL AGENT THAT CHANGES THE RATE OF A REACTION W/O BEING CONSUMED BY THE REACTION |
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COMPETITIVE INHIBITOR
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A SUBSTANCE THAT REDUCES THE ACTIVITY OF AN ENZYME BY ENTERING THE ACTIVE SITE IN PLACE OF THE SUBSTRATE WHOSE STRUCTURE IT MIMICS
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NON-COMPETITIVE INHIBITOR
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A SUBSTANCE THAT REDUCES THE ACTIVITY OF AN ENZYME BY BINDING TO A LOCATION REMOTE FROM THE ACTIVE SITE
CHANGES ITS CONFORMATION SO THAT IT NO LONGER BINDS TO THE SUBSTRATE |
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REVERSIBLE INHIBITOR
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-BIND WEAKLY AND TEMPORARILY TO AN ENZYME
-ACT AS IMPORTANT REGULATORS IN ENZYMATIC PATHWAYS -TURN "ON" AND "OFF" THE ACTIVITIES OF ENZYMES AS NEEDED |
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IRREVERSIBLE INHIBITOR
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-POISONS
-BIND PERMANENTLY TO AN ENZYME -TOTALLY PREVENT IT FROM FUNCTIONING |
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COENZYME
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-AN ORGANIC MOLECULE SERVING AS A COFACTOR
-MOST VITAMINS FUNCTION AS THIS IN N IMPORTANT METABOLIC REACTIONS |
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COFACTOR
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-ANY NON PROTEIN OR ION
-REQUIRED FOR THE PROPER FUNCTIONING OF AN ENZYME -CAN BE PERMANENTLY BOUND TO THE ACTIVE SITE -OR BIND LOOSELY WITH THE SUBSTRATE DURING CATALYSIS |
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REACTANTS
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the substances that combine in a chemical reaction
create products used/needed to start a chem. reaction |
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INTERMEDIATES
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?
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END PRODUCTS
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the result of a chemical reaction
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OXIDIZING AGENT
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ATOM THAT ACCEPTS ELECTRONS IN AN OXIDATION- REDUCTION REACTION
ANY MATERIAL THAT ATTRACTS ELECTRONS, THEREBY _____ING ANOTHER ATOM OR MOLECULE THIS AGENT ITSELF IS REDUCED BECAUSE IT GAINS ELECTRONS |
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REDUCING AGENT
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THE MATERIAL DONATING THE ELECTRONS to another substance being reduced
-itself is being oxidized |
