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16 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Metabolism
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The totality of an organism's chemical processes
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Catabolic Pathway
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a metabolic pathway that releases energy by breaking down complex molecules into simpler compounds
ex. cellular respiration |
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Anabolic pathway
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small molecules are combined to form larger molecules.
ex. photosynthesis |
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energy
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the capacity to do work by moving matter against an opposing force.
potential-stored & kinetic-motion |
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laws of thermodynamics
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1. energy can neither be created nor destroyed
2. energy becomes more random with each energy change. quality change, not quantity. |
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exergonic reactions
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a spontaneous chemical reaction in which there is a net release of free energy
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endergonic reactions
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a non spontaneous chemical reaction in which free energy is absorbed from the surroundings.
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energy coupling
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energy given off by exergonic reactions is used to power endergonic reactions
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three kinds of cellular work
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chemical, mechanical, transport
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ATP
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a nucleotide made of a sugar, adenine, and three phosphates
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enzyme characteristics
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biological catalysts, proteins, specific
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how enzymes affect activation energy
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lower amount of activation needed to start a reaction
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substrate
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chemical that attached to enzyme
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active site
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on enzyme where substrate attaches
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factors affecting enzyme funtion
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pH, temperature, cofactors, inhibitors, allosteric regulation
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induced fit
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enzyme squeezes around substrate to cause reaction
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