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15 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
- 3rd side (hint)
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What are the differences in the proteins produced by free and bound ribosomes? |
Free ribosomes produce proteins used locally. Bound ribosomes produce proteins to be inserted into membranes, lysosomes or exported from the cell. |
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What are the functions of the smooth ER? |
Detoxification of drugs and poisons. Synthesis of lipids such as oils, phospholipids and steroids(ex: hormones). Metabolism of carbs and calcium storage. |
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What are the functions of the rough ER? |
Production of secretory proteins(ex: insulin). Membrane assembly(ex: adding phospholipids and proteins to membranes) |
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The golgi apparatus is the shipping and recieving center for the cell. What side is the cis face? How would you be able to differentiate this side from the trans face? |
The cis face is the receiving end. The trait of this side is that is located near the ER. The trans face is the modification side where ER products are shipped out in vesicles. |
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Lysosomes are the digestive sacs in the cell. There are 2 forms of digestion that occur. What are their differences? |
1. Phagocytosis which is digestion of outside materials. 2. Autophagy which is digestion of damaged organelles.
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Where are vacuoles derived from? What are the types located in the cell? |
Food vacuoles used for phagocytosis. Central vacuole is used for storage of ions, pigments, waste and proteins(seeds). Both of these derived from ER and golgi. |
There are 2 types. One for osmoregulation and another for storage. |
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What cellular activity occurs in mitochondria? What is needed to fuel this process? |
Cellular respiration occurs here. O2 is needed to create ATP from sugars, fats and proteins. |
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T/F is mitochondria is more populated in fat cells than places such as muscle cells? |
False. |
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What characteristic of mitochondria allows for more optimal surface area? |
It has a mitochondrial cristae(folded inner membrane). |
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In chloroplasts, what are the names of the discs found inside the membrane? What are the stacks called as a whole? |
Thylakoid discs, grana stacks |
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The 3 main functions of the cytoskeleton are? |
1. Maintaining shape 2. Anchoring organelles in the cytosol 3. Motility of the cell and components |
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What are the most abundant lipids in the plasma membrane? |
Phospholipids |
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Membranes are held together with what type of interactions? |
Hydrophobic interactions |
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T/F The membrane lipids flip flop often. |
False. Usually once per month. |
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Cholesterol is very helpful at restraining phospholipid movement. How so? |
During higher temperatures, restrains movement so less fluid. During low temperature, prevents packing. |
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