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17 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
aquaporin
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channel protein that allows water through the membrane at a very high rate
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carrier protein
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membrane protein that moves a substance across the plasma membrane by changing its own shape
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channel protein
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membrane protein that allows a substance to pass through its hollow core across the plasma membrane
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concentration gradient
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area of high concentration adjacent to an area of low concentration
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diffusion
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passive process of transport of low-molecular weight material according to its concentration gradient
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facilitated transport
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process by which material moves down a concentration gradient (from high to low concentration) using integral membrane proteins
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hypertonic
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situation in which extracellular fluid has a higher osmolarity than the fluid inside the cell, resulting in water moving out of the cell
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hypotonic
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situation in which extracellular fluid has a lower osmolarity than the fluid inside the cell, resulting in water moving into the cell
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isotonic
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situation in which the extracellular fluid has the same osmolarity as the fluid inside the cell, resulting in no net movement of water into or out of the cell
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osmolarity
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total amount of substances dissolved in a specific amount of solution
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osmosis
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transport of water through a semipermeable membrane according to the concentration gradient of water across the membrane that results from the presence of solute that cannot pass through the membrane
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passive transport
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method of transporting material through a membrane that does not require energy
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plasmolysis
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detaching of the cell membrane from the cell wall and constriction of the cell membrane when a plant cell is in a hypertonic solution
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selectively permeable
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characteristic of a membrane that allows some substances through but not others
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solute
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substance dissolved in a liquid to form a solution
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tonicity
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amount of solute in a solution
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transport protein
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membrane protein that facilitates passage of a substance across a membrane by binding it
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