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30 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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What organic compound is the main source of energy for living things? |
Carbohydrates |
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What are the functions of proteins? |
1. Control rate of reactions - done by enzymes 2. Forms bones & muscle 3. Forms the immune system 4. Transports substances into and out of cells. |
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What are the small units that make up an RNA molecule? |
Nucleotides |
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In chemical reactions, atoms are _____. |
rearranged |
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When hydrogen and oxygen combine to form water, water is the ______. |
product |
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Identify the reactant(s) in the chemical reaction, CO2 + H2O = H2CO3. |
CO2 and H2O |
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What is the process that changes one set of chemicals into another set of chemicals? |
chemical reaction |
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What is the term used to describe the energy needed to get a reaction started? |
activation energy |
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What forms of energy may be released during a chemical reaction? |
heat, light, sound |
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What 4 factors affect how an enzyme will work? |
temperature, substrate, pH, and enzyme |
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Enzymes affect the reactions in living cells by changing the ________. |
speed |
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What carbon compound is an important part of a cell’s membrane? |
lipids |
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Which carbon compound contains the “code” to make proteins? |
RNA |
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Which carbon compound contains all hereditary information? |
DNA |
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Carbohydrates are made up of atoms of hydrogen, oxygen and _____. |
carbon |
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Glucose sucrose & fructose are examples of ____ sugars |
simple |
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Proteins are called polymers of ________________. |
amino acids |
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The substances which enter into a reaction are the _____. |
reactants |
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All the chemical reactions that take place in an organism are its _____. |
metabolism |
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How many amino acids are there? |
20 |
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What are the four groups of carbon compounds found in living things? |
Carbohydrates, Lipids, Nucleic Acids, and Proteins |
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What type of atoms make up carbohydrates? |
Carbon, Hydrogen, and Oxygen |
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What type of atoms make up lipids? |
Carbon & Hydrogen |
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What type of atoms make up nucleic acids? |
Hydrogen, Oxygen Nitrogen, Carbon, and Phosphorus |
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What are the four roles that proteins perform in living things? |
Control rate of reactions, forms bones and muscles, forms immune system, transports substances in/out of cells |
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What is the sugar found in DNA? _____________________________________________ |
Deoxyribose |
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What is the sugar found in RNA? _____________________________________________ |
Ribose |
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What four things affect how well an enzyme will work? |
Temp, pH, amt of substrate, amt of enzyme |
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What 3 activities do enzymes perform for a cell? |
Synthesize molecules, sore & release energy, and speed up digestion of food reactions |
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Where does an enzyme’s name come from? _____________________________________ |
the substrate they break down |
