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53 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
- 3rd side (hint)
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the scientific study of mater
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chemestry
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mater
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anything that takes up space and has mass
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what are the three physical states of mater?
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solid, liquid, gas
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what does all mater consist of?
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atoms
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What is the study of mater?
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chemistry
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What is matter?
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Anything that takes up space and has mass
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What is the smallest amount of an element that can exist?
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atom
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Atoms are usually bonded to each other to form what?
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molecules
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What is a basic substance that can't be broken down?
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element
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gold, hydrogen, carbon
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Individual elements combine to form what?
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compounds
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reactions are transformed into products through what?
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chemical reactions
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are protons positive or negative?
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positive
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are neutrons negative or hold no charge?
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no charge
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are electrons negatively charged?
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yes
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what determines an element?
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protons
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What three types of subatomic particles are atoms made of?
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neutrons, protons, electrons
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what are charged atoms called?
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ions
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what is it considered when protons and neutrons are the same and match?
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atom
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what is it considered when protons and neutrons differ?
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ions
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in a chemical reaction, atoms gain, release, or share electrons. which type of bond involves the transfer of one or more electron from one atom to another.
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ionic bond
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Which bond involves the sharing of one or more electrons between atoms?
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covalent
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what type of charge occurs when receiving an atom?
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negative charge
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which type of charge occurs when donating an atom?
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positive charge
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what is the strongest of the chemical bonds
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covalent bond
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the polar covalent bonds in water mean there is a(an) ___________ distribution.
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uneven charge
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hydrogen bonds are fairly ________ by themselves.
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weak
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why is water special?
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it can be in the form of a solid, liquid, or gas
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what are charged atoms called?
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ions
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name the three types of bonds
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hydrogen, ionic, covalent
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what is one way that living things can use water to regulate temperature?
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evaporating cooling
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sweating
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What holds atoms together within a water molecule?
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polar covalent bonds
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________ is the tendency of molecules to stick together.
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cohesion
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do to ___________ bonding, water molecules have a strong cohesion and creates surface tension.
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hydrogen
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___________conditions impact the ability of organisms to make calcium carbonate exoskeleton.
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acidic
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anything that takes up space and has mass
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matter
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a substance that cannot be broken down to other substances by chemical reactions
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element
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a substance consisting of two or more different elements combined in a fixed ratio
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compound
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elements required by an organism in only minute quantities
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trace elements
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the smallest unit of matter that still retains the properties of an element
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atom
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core of an atom
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atomic nucleus
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in the atomic nucleus, neutral charged, weighs 1 Dalton
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neutron
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in the atomic nucleus, positive charge, weighs one Dalton
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proton
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clouds around the atomic nucleus, negative charge, weighs almost nothing
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electron
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the number of protons, written as a subscript to the left of the symbol for the element
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atomic number
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the sum of protons plus neutrons in the nucleus of an atom
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mass number
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atoms of a given element have the same number of protons but can have slightly more neutrons
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isotope
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the capability to cause change
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energy
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an atoms bonding capability
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valence
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two or more atoms held by bonds constitute as a....
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molecule
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attractions between atoms that help them stay close together
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chemical bonds
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charged atom, or molecule
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ions
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the attraction of cations and anions to each other due to ties opposite charges
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ionic bonds
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when the electrons in a bond are not shared equally
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polar covalent bond
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