Biology Ch. 1 Mader

Front 1

Prediction

Back 1

A step of the Scientific Process that follows the hypothesis and assists in the Experiemental Design.

Front 2

Community

Back 2

Assemblage of populations interacting with one another in the same environment.

Front 3

Energy

Back 3

Capacity to do work and bring about change; occurs in a variety of forms.

Front 4

Law

Back 4

Theory, generally accepted by an overwhelming number of scientists.

Front 5

Principle

Back 5

Theory, generally accepted by an overwhelming number of scientists. (Same as law)

Front 6

Fungus

Back 6

Saprotrophic decomposer; the body is made up of filaments called hyphae, thatn form a mass called mycelium.

Front 7

Deductive Reasoning

Back 7

Process of Logic and Reasoning using If... Then... statements.

Front 8

Inductive Reasoning

Back 8

Using specific observations and the process of Logic and Reasoning to arrive at a hypothesis.

Front 9

Protist

Back 9

Member of the Kingdom of Protista.

Front 10

Conclusion

Back 10

Statement made following an experiment as to whether or not the results support the hypothesis.

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Phenomenon

Back 11

Observable Event.

Front 12

Reproduce

Back 12

To produce a new individual of the same kind.

Front 13

Kingdom

Back 13

One of the Categories, or Taxa used by Taxonomists to group species; the Taxon above Phylum.

Front 14

Scientific Theory

Back 14

Concept supported by a broad range of observations, experiments and data.

Front 15

Species

Back 15

Group of similarly constructed organisms capable of interbreeding and producing fertile offspring; organisms that share a common gene pool. The Taxon at the lowest level of Classification.

Front 16

Taxonomy

Back 16

Branch of biology concerned with identifying, describing and naming organisms.

Front 17

Phylum

Back 17

One of the categories, or Taxa, used by taxonomists to group species; The Taxon above the Class level.

Front 18

Experiment

Back 18

Artificial situation designed to test a hypothesis.

Front 19

Observation

Back 19

Step in the Scientific Method by which data are collected before a conculsion is drawn.

Front 20

Domain Archaea

Back 20

One of the THREE Domains of Life; contains prokaryoticn cells that live that often live in extreme habitats and have unique genetic, biochemical, and physiological characteristics; it's members are sometimes referred to as Archaea.

Front 21

Model

Back 21

Simulation of a process that aids conceptual understanding until the process can be studied firsthand; a hypothesis that describes how a particular process could possibly be carried out.

Front 22

Control

Back 22

Sample that goes through all the steps of an experiment but does not contain the variable being tested; A standard against which the results of an experiment are checked.

Front 23

Data (Sing., Datum)

Back 23

Facts or information collected through observation and or experimentation.

Front 24

Extinction

Back 24

Total disappearance of a species or higher group.

Front 25

Biodiversity

Back 25

Total number of species, the variability of their genes, and the communities in which they live.

Front 26

Photosynthesis

Back 26

Process occuring usually within chloroplasts whereby chlorophyll containing organelles trap solar energy to reduce carbon dioxide to carbohydrate.

Front 27

Genus

Back 27

One of the categories, or Taxa, used by taxonomists to group species; contains those species that are the most closely related through evolution.

Front 28

Adaptation

Back 28

Organisms modificiation in structure, funtion, or behavior suitable to the environment.

Front 29

Biosphere

Back 29

Zone of air, land and water at the surface of the earth in which livign organisms are found.

Front 30

Domain Bacteria

Back 30

One of the THREE Domains of Life; contains prokaryotic cells that differ from Archaea because they have their own unique genetic, biochemical and physiological characteristics.

Front 31

Class

Back 31

One of the categories, or taxa, used by taxonomists to group species; Class is the Taxon above the Order level.

Front 32

Domain Eukarya

Back 32

One of the Three Domains of Life consisting of organisms with Eukaryotic cells and further classified into the Kingdoms Protista, Fungi, Plantae and Animalia.

Front 33

Cell

Back 33

Smallest unit that displays the properties of Life; composed of cytoplasm surrounded by a plasma membrane.

Front 34

Metabolism

Back 34

All of the chemical reactions that occur in a cell during growth and repair.

Front 35

Multicellular organism

Back 35

Organism composed of many cells; usually has organised tissues, organs and organ systems.

Front 36

Natural Selection

Back 36

Mechanism of evolution caused by environmental selection of organisms most fit to reproduce, results in adaptation to the environnment.

Front 37

Binomial Name

Back 37

Scientific name of an organism, the first part of which designates the Genus and the second part of which designates the specific epithet.

Front 38

Domain

Back 38

Largest of the categories, or Taxa, used by taxonomists to group species.

Front 39

The Three Domains

Back 39

Archaea, Bacteria, and Eukarya

Front 40

Ecosystem

Back 40

Biological community together with the associated abiotic environment; characterized by a flow of energy and a cycling of inorganic nutrients.

Front 41

Gene

Back 41

Unit of heredity existing as alleles on the chromosomes; in diploid organisms; typically two alleles are inherited, one from each parent.

Front 42

Evolution

Back 42

Descent of organisms from common ancestors withy the development of genetic and phenotypic changes over time that make them more suited to the environment.

Front 43

Homeostasis

Back 43

Maintenance of normal internal conditions of a cell or an organism by means of self-regulating mechanisms.

Front 44

Order

Back 44

One of the Categories, or Taxa, used by taxonomists to group species. The Taxon above the Family level.

Front 45

Family

Back 45

One of the categories, or Taxa, used by taxonomists to group species. The Taxon above the Genus Level.

Front 46

Hypothesis

Back 46

Suppostition established by reasoning after consideration of available evidence; it can be tested by obtaining more data, often by experimentation.

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Biology

Back 47

Scientific study of life.

Front 48

Dependant variable

Back 48

Result or change that occurs when an experimental variable is utilized in an experiment.

Front 49

Population

Back 49

Group of organisms of the same species occupying a certain area and sharing a common gene pool.