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33 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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smooth ER
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lacks ribosomes
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lysosomes
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are the digestive compartments
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nucleolus
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round structure visible in the non-dividing nucleus, synthesizes and assembles ribosomal components
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ribosomes
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build a cell's proteins
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endomembrane system
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consists of the nuclear envelope, endoplasmic reticulum, golgi apparatus, lysosomes, vacuoles, and plasma membrane
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endoplasmic reticulum (ER)
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manufactures membranes and performs other biosynthetic functions Rough ER, Smooth ER
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Rough ER
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cytoplasmic surface attaches ribosomes
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golgi apparatus
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finishes, sorts, and ships cell products
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phagocytosis
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ingestion of food particles by lysosomes and food vacuoles
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contractile vacuoles
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pump excess water out of freshwater protists
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central vacuole
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found in mature plant cells surrounded by tonoplast
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tonoplast
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membrane that surrounds central vacuoles
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peroxisomes
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membrane-enclosed compartments filled with enzymes that consume oxygen
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mitochondria
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cellular respiration, contains catabolic procces of fuels to produce ATP
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chloroplasts
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photosynthesis, produce organic compounds from CO2 and H2O by absorbing solar energy
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light microscopes (LMs)
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refract visible light passing through a specimen such that the projected image is magnified
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resolving power
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measure of the clarity of an image
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organelles
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subcellular structures
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electron microscope (EM)
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focuses a beam of electrons through the specimen
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transmission electron microscope (TEM)
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beam of electron is passed through a thin section of a specimen with electromagnet lenses
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scanning electron microscope (SEM)
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electron beam scans the surface of a specimen
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cell fractionation
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seperates major organelles of a cell so their functions can be studied
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ultracentrifuges
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centrifuge that can speed up to 80,000rpm
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prokaryotic cell
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cells with no nucleus
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eukaryotic cell
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have a true nucleus enclosed in a nuclear membrane
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nucleoid
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concentrated region of the dna in prokaryotic cells
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cytosol
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semi-fluid liquid in which numerous orgnalles are suspended in the nucleus
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cytoplasm
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entire region between the nucleus and the membrane
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nucleus
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contains a eukaryotic cell's genetic library
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nuclear envelope
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a double membrane perforated by pores that regulate the movement of large macromolecules between the nucleus and cytoplasm
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nuclear lamina
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lines the inner membrane with a layer of protein filaments
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chromatin
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organized dna whitin the nucleus
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chromosome
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composed of chromatin, visible only when coiled and condensed
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