Biology A - Ecology And Ecosystem

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Carnivore

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Kill and consume other animals

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Scavengers

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Consume carcasses of other animals that have been killed by predators

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Decomposers

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"feed" by chemically breaking down organic manner such as bacteria and fungi

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Detrivores

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Commonly digest decomposers that live on detritus (waste) particles such as earthworms

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Omnivores

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Animals that eat both plants and animals

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Herbivores

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Animals that eat producers only (plants, leaves, roots, seeds or fruits)

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Biosphere

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Our entire planet including living and non-living

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Biome

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Group of ecosystems that share similar climates and typical organisms

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Ecosystem

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All organisms that live in a place, together with their physical environment

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Community

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Different populations that live together

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Population

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Group of individuals that belong to same species and live in the same area

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Species

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A group of similar organisms that can breed and reproduce

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Ecology

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The scientific study of interactions among organisms and between organisms and their environment

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Biotic Factor

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Any living part of the environment that an organism can interact with

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Abiotic Factor

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Any non-living part of the environment that an organism can interact with

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Carrying Capacity

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The largest number of individuals of particular species that the environment can support

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Limiting Factors

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Factors that limit or slow growth of an individual or populations

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Autotrophs

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Capture energy from sunlight or chemicals and convert it into forms that living cells can use. "Self Feeder"

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Primary Producers

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First producer s of energy-rich compounds that are later used by other organisms

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Consumers

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Organisms that rely on other organisms for energy and nutrients

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Heterotrophs

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Cannot directly harness energy from the environment, but must acquire energy from other organisms

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Food Chain

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A series of steps in which organisms transfer energy by eating and being eaten.

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Food Web

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Network of feeding interactions

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Energy Pyramid

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Show relative amount of energy available at each trophic level of a food chain or food web

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Trophic Level

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Each step in a food chain or food web

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10% Rule

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On average about 10 percent of the energy available within one trophic level is transferred to the next trophic level