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34 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
- 3rd side (hint)
Protein Roles |
Transport large polar molecules, enzymatic activity, signal transduction, cell-cell recognition, intercellular joining, attachment to cytoskeleton and extracellular matrix |
6 things |
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What can go through selectively permeable membrane? |
Small non polar molecules |
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What are examples of things that enter selectively permeable membranes? |
O² CO² steroids proteins |
4 things |
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What acts as a buffer to selective permeability |
Cholesterol |
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Role of cholesterol in plasma membrane |
Hinders solid at cold Hinders fluidity at hot |
2 things |
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How does HIV infect a cell |
CD4 and CCR5 |
2 things |
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What are cell surface proteins |
"ID" checkers |
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What uses protein transporters? |
Large polar molecules: Glucose, Amino acids, triglycerides |
3 things |
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Aquaporins |
Channels for water to pass through the membrane |
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Fluid Mosaic Model |
The model, which was devised by SJ Singer and GL Nicolson in 1972, describes the cell membrane as a two-dimensional liquid that restricts the lateral diffusion of membrane components. |
Who, when, what |
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Why are transmembrane proteins able to transport information? |
Ambipathic: Has hydrophobic and hydrophilic parts |
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Where is the Cytoplasm and what does it consist of? |
Interior of the cell (besides nucleus), Contains organelles. Jelly like consistency |
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Organelles |
Compartments of the cell with different functions |
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Cell theory |
1. all organisms are composed of cells and life processes occur within them. 2. Cells are the smallest living things 3. Cells arise only from pre-existing cells |
3 things |
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What are the 3 domains? |
Eukaryote, Bacteria, archaea |
3 things |
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Which Domain and kingdom are humans? |
Eukaryote and Animal |
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What is the role of the nucleus? |
Compartment for DNA |
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What is the nuclear envelope? |
A highly regulated membrane that separates the nucleus from the cytoplasm |
segregation |
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How do things get transferred between the nucleus and the cytoplasm? |
nuclear pores: transition tubes for RNA, etc. |
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What do ribosomes do? |
They make protein |
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What occurs in the nucleolus? |
synthesis of ribosomes |
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Where can one find ribosomes? |
Attached to the E.R. or floating in the cytoplasm |
2 places |
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Where is the Endoplasmic Reticulum? |
Attached to the outside of the nuclear membrane |
So close but no acceptance |
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What is the function of SMOOTH E.R.? |
Creates lipids and Carbs, alcohol detoxification, calcium storage |
3 things |
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What does ROUGH E.R. do? |
Contains attached ribosomes. Deals with protein folding and transport |
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Golgi Apparatus function |
Transports specific proteins to get job done. |
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Phases of Golgi Apparatus |
recieves info, processes, and sends |
3 things |
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Lysosomes |
Enzymes that hydrolyse to digest food, bacteria, etc. |
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What does mitochondria do? |
Creates ATP so the cell has energy to perform functions |
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What do peroxisomes do? |
Break down fatty acids and turns them into energy. Also, detoxifies alcohol |
2 things. Hydrogen peroxide is a biproduct of _______ ________ |
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What is the cytoskeleton? |
Structural support, organisation, and cell function support. |
3 things |
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What are microtubules and where are they? |
Within the cytoskeleton. Maintains cell shape. provides highway for organelles. Separates chromosones |
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Actin Filaments |
Provide cell contraction so they can move |
Cell walking |
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Intermediate Filaments |
Responsible for structure and rigidity |
ex: keratin |